NEW 


ENGLAND  1> 


}Vof^cester,  January  22,  1868.  I^v- 

V  _ _ _ _ _ _  J 


J 


PKOCEEDINGS 


OF  THE 


NEW  ENGLAND 


lllanttfatturra’  <£onui'iitiott 


HELD  AT 


WORCESTER,  MASS., 


JANUARY  22,  1868. 


PUBLISHED  BY 

DUNBAR,  WATERS,  &  CO., 

OFFICE  OF  DAILY  ADVERTISER,  29  COURT  STREET, 

BOSTON,  MASS. 


BOOKWELL  &  E0LLI58,  PEI1CTEB8, 
122  Washington  Str»«t.  Boston. 


« 


I  SI.  3 
M 


4 


INTRODUCTION. 


The  Convention  at  Worcester,  on  the  22d  of  January,  1868, 
was  a  result  of  the  one  at  Cleveland  on  the  18th  and  19th  of 
December,  1867.  At  Cleveland,  Massachusetts  was  represented  by 
George  Johnson,  Gerry  W.  Cochrane,  Charles  F.  Parker,  F. 
F.  Emery,  of  Boston,  and  Edwin  F.  Waters,  of  Newton ; 
William  C.  Plunkett,  of  South  Adams ;  Elisha  Jenks,  of 
Cheshire ;  J.  H.  Orne,  of  Marblehead ;  John  F.  Arnold,  of 
North  Adams  ;  and  Stephen  Walley,  of  Williamstown.  All  the 
Boston  gentlemen,  together  with  Mr.  Orne,  of  Marblehead, 
represented  the  boot  and  shoe  interest.  The  others  were  from 
Berkshire  County,  and  represented  the  cotton  manufacturers 
of  that  region.  There  were  present  no  cotton  manufacturers 
from  the  central  and  eastern  parts  of  the  State,  while  the  woollen 
interest  of  New  England  was  not  represented  at  all.  Portland 
and  Saco,  in  Maine,  sent  delegates,  but  otherwise  the  vast  and 
varied  industry  of  New  England  had  no  special  spokesman.  The 
delegates  from  the  boot  and  shoe  interest  failing  to  return  directly 
to  their  homes,  some  delay  in  the  preparation  of  their  report  was 
occasioned.  Meanwhile,  however,  the  zealous  Berkshire  delegates 
returned  delighted  to  their  constituents,  made  immediate  report 
of  the  proceedings  in  convention,  at  once  obtained  signatures  to 
the  memorial  adopted  at  Cleveland,  and  labored  diligently  and 
successfully  to  follow  up  the  impulse  there  given. 

On  the  28th  of  December,  Mr.  John  F.  Arnold,  of  North 
Adams,  drew  up  a  call  for  a  New  England  Manufacturers’  Con¬ 
vention,  obtained  numerous  signatures  in  his  own  county,  pro¬ 
ceeded  thence  to  Springfield  and  Worcester,  everywhere  stimulating 
the  leading  men  to  thought  and  action,  and  everywhere  awakening 
cordial  interest  and  encouragement. 


4 


In  Boston,  Mr.  Arnold  found  an  able  and  active  coadjutor  in 
Mr.  Eben  D.  Jordan,  who  started  a  fresh  call  for  eastern  Massa¬ 
chusetts  ;  obtained  the  signatures  of  many  of  the  prominent  mer¬ 
chants  and  manufacturers  in  Boston  ;  enlisted  the  interest  of  the 
newspaper  press,  and  spared  no  pains  to  induce  business  men  to 
give  attention  to  this  great  subject  so  vital  to  their  interests,  and 
to  those  of  the  whole  country. 

The  calls  circulated  by  Mr.  Arnold  and  Mr.  Jordan,  read  as 
follows :  — 


NEW  ENGLAND  MANUFACTURERS’  CONVENTION,  AT 
WORCESTER,  MASS.,  JANUARY  22,  1868. 

We,  the  undersigned,  in  view  of  the  present  overtaxed  and  thereby  depressed  condi¬ 
tion  of  the  manufacturing  and  industrial  interests  of  the  country,  call  upon  the  manufac¬ 
turers  of  New  England,  of  all  branches  of  industry,  to  meet  in  Convention  at  Worcester, 
Mass.,  on  the  22d  day  of  January,  1868,  at  12  o’clock,  M.,  to  indorse  the  doings  of  the 
National  Manufacturers’  Convention,  held  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  Dec.  18,  18G7,  which  Con¬ 
vention  recommended  the  abolition  of  all  taxation  on  the  necessary  domestic  industries 
of  the  country,  and  the  imposition  of  taxation  on  the  luxuries  of  life. 

We  would  most  earnestly  urge  all  parts  of  New  England,  the  foundation  of  whose 
prosperity  lies  wholly  in  this  matter,  to  send  full  delegations  to  the  above-named  meeting. 


Various  preliminary  meetings  were  holden  by  the  members  of 
the  different  branches  of  industry,  and  numerous  and  influential 
delegates  were  appointed  to  represent  each  interest  in  the  deliber¬ 
ations.  As  the  time  for  the  Convention  drew  near,  the  importance 
of  its  action  became  deeply  felt,  and  while  it  enlisted  the  thoughts, 
pens,  and  tongues  of  our  most  sagacious  mercantile  minds,  it  also 
became  a  subject  of  profound  interest  to  the  whole  public. 

On  the  evening  prior  to  the  assemblage  of  the  Convention, 
Messrs.  John  F.  Arnold,  of  North  Adams,  William  C.  Plunkett, 
of  South  Adhms,  George  Johnson,  of  Bradford,  Henry  G. 
Parker,  George  Wheatland,  Jr.,  William  Amory,  Jr.,  Edwin 
F.  Waters,  and  Charles  F.  Parker,  of  Boston,  and  John  L. 
Hayes,  of  Cambridge,  met  at  the  Bay  State  House,  in  Worcester, 
and,  after  careful  and  prolonged  deliberation  and  discussion, 
arranged  an  outline  of  proceedings  for  the  Convention. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  CONVENTION. 


The  Convention  assembled  in  Mechanics’  Hall,  Worcester, 
and  at  12  o’clock  was  called  to  order  by  Hon.  William  C. 
Plunkett,  of  South  Adams.  Mr.  Plunkett  said  :  — 

I  have  been  requested,  gentlemen,  to  call  this  Convention  to 
order,  and  when  I  look  around  and  see  so  many  of  the  solid  men 
of  New  England,  the  business  men  of  New  England,  the  influential 
men  of  New  England,  assembled  here,  coming  from  their  places 
of  business  to  this  one  place  to  transact  business  which  concerns 
them  and  the  whole  communities  around  them,  I  undertake  this 
duty  with  the  greatest  pleasure. 

I  congratulate  you  that  so  large  a  number  of  the  representatives 
of  the  business  interests  of  the  communit}^  are  here  to-day,  and  I 
hope,  gentlemen,  that  we  shall,  at  the  close  of  this  meeting,  have 
reason  to  congratulate  each  other  upon  the  success  of  the  meeting. 
[Applause.]  I  hope  that  we  shall,  ere  long,  have  the  pleasure  of 
congratulating  each  other  and  the  country,  and  all  that  are  con¬ 
cerned  in  the  business  of  the  country,  upon  a  release  from  the  taxes 
which  bear  so  heavily  upon  us,  —  an  entire  release.  [Applause.] 

I  now  ask  you  to  nominate  a  temporal  chairman  of  this  Con¬ 
vention. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  George  Johnson,  of  Haverhill,  His 
Honor  Mayor  James  B.  Blake,  of  Worcester,  was  chosen 
temporary  chairman. 

Mr.  Blake,  on  taking  the  chair,  called  for  the  nomination 
of  a  temporary  secretary.  On  motion  of  Mr.  Henry  G. 
Parker,  of  Boston,  Mr.  Edwin  F.  Waters,  of  Newton, 
was  chosen  to  act  in  that  capacity. 


6 


On  motion  of  Hon.  W.  C.  Plunkett,  it  was  voted  that  a 
committee  of  twelve  be  appointed  by  the  chair  to  nominate  a 
list  of  officers  for  the  permanent  organization  of  the  Conven¬ 
tion.  The  chair  appointed  the  following  gentlemen  as  the 
committee :  — 

John  H.  Reed,  of  Boston;  J.  F.  Arnold,  of  North 
Adams;  Theodore  Pomeroy,  of  Pittsfield  ;  Edwin  Chase, 
of  Holyoke ;  George  M.  Rice,  of  Worcester ;  T.  P.  I. 
Goddard,  and  John  IT.  Corliss,  of  Providence ;  Charles 
Dickinson,  of  Waterbury,  Connecticut;  Aretus  Blood,  of 
Manchester,  New  Hampshire ;  Henry  S.  Bankin,  of  Troy, 
New  York ;  Charles  F.  Parker,  and  E.  F.  Waters,  of 
Newton. 

On  motion,  Messrs.  C.  W.  Kimball,  of  Boston ;  Wil¬ 
liam  F.  Salmon,  of  Lowell ;  B.  F.  Hamilton,  of  Saco, 
Maine ;  and  F.  W.  Bird,  of  Walpole,  were  added  to  the 
committee. 

The  chair  then  addressed  the  Convention  as  follows  :  — 

REMAKES  OF  HON.  J.  B.  BLAKE. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Convention :  —  I  should  do  injustice  to  the 
appreciative  sentiment  of  our  community,  did  I  fail  to  express  a 
proper  acknowledgment  of  this  mark  of  your  consideration  in 
recognizing  the  industrial  character  of  this  city,  by  selecting  it 
as  your  place  of  meeting,  and  by  summoning  its  chief  magistrate 
to  this  position  of  honor.  In  accepting  the  position  and  assum¬ 
ing  the  duties  to  which  your  action  has  called  me,  I  wTould  thank 
you  for  the  double  compliment,  and  in  behalf  of  the  people  of 
Worcester,  extend  to  you  a  cordial  welcome  to  this  central  city  of 
the  Commonwealth.  Convened  as  you  now  are  for  purposes  of 
public  welfare,  as  united  in  local  State  advantages  as  well  as 
broad  national  policies ;  representing  as  you  do  in  concentrated 
form  the  diverse  elements,  yet  common  interests  of  the  industrial 
pursuits  of  New  England,  —  I  would  but  utter  a  wrord  of  sympathy 
and  congratulation,  indulging  in  the  hope  that  the  result  of  your 
deliberations  may  not  alone  culminate  in  the  endorsement  of  the 
voice  uttered  by  the  Convention  at  the  Forest  City  of  the  West, 


t 


7 


but  that  the  action  of  to-day  will  speedily  resuscitate  and  stimu 
late  the  industry  of  the  land,  that  the  stagnated  currents  of  every 
department  of  manufactures  may  be  set  in  motion,  and  the  stilled 
hand  of  the  laborer,  with  the  varied  interests  of  the  capitalist,  re¬ 
ceive  immediate  encouragement,  resulting  in  permanent  prosperity. 
Without  further  intrusion  upon  your  time,  I  would  now  declare 
the  Convention  temporarily  organized  and  ready  for  the  transac¬ 
tion  of  any  business  which  may  properly  come  before  it. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  R.  M.  Bailey,  of  Boston,  it  was  voted 
that  each  delegate  be  requested  to  record  his  name,  resi¬ 
dence,  and  the  business  which  he  represented,  in  books  pro¬ 
vided  for  the  purpose.  On  Mr.  Bailey’s  motion,  the  chair 
appointed  Messrs.  R.  M.  Bailey,  A.  C.  Mayhew,  of  Milford, 
E.  L.  Davis,  of  Worcester,  and  Hamilton  A.  Hill,  of 
Boston,  as  a  committee  to  secure  the  desired  record.  The 
list  will  be  found  appended  to  the  record  of  the  proceed¬ 
ings  of  the  Convention. 

Mr.  John  H.  Reed,  of  Boston,  chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Organization,  presented  the  following  as  their  report  of 
nominees  for  permanent  officers  of  the  Convention  :  — 

president. 

-  -  '  HON.  WILLIAM  GRAY. 

SECRETARIES. 

Edwin  F.  Waters,  Newton  ;  Henry  G.  Parker,  Boston  ; 
John  S.  Baldwin,  Worcester ;  Charles  A.  Chase,  Wor¬ 
cester  ;  G.  B.  Stebbins,  Detroit. 

vice-presidents. 

W.  C.  Plunkett,  South  Adams ;  Samuel  Batctielder, 
Cambridge;  Isaac  Davis,  Worcester;  E\  D.  Jordan,  Bos¬ 
ton  ;  Josiaii  Bardwell,  Boston ;  Harvey  Arnold,  North 
Adams  ;  George  M.  Rice,  Worcester  ;  J.  H.  Walker,  Wor- 


8 


cester ;  Gardner  Brewer,  Boston ;  L.  J.  Knowles,  War¬ 
ren  ;  Alvaii  Crocker,  Fitchburg;  E.  B.  Bigelow,  Boston; 
Wm.  Amory,  Boston ;  A.  C.  Mayhew,  Milford ;  Charles 
W.  Freeland,  Boston  ;  Andrew  Moody,  Lowell ;  Edward 
Harris,  Woonsocket,  R.  I.;  Elisha  Dyer,  Providence; 
Wm.  Sprague,  Providence;  Ralph  Cheney,  Hartford; 
Wm.  Haile,  Hinsdale,  N.  H. ;  John  B.  Brown,  Portland; 

M.  E.  Fairbanks,  St.  Johnsbury,  Yt. ;  Augustine  Haines, 
Biddeford,  Me.  ;  J.  H.  Parsons,  Troy,  N.  Y. ;  Samuel  D. 
Warren,  Boston;  D.  L.  Harris,  Springfield;  John  H. 
Burleigh,  South  Berwick,  Me.  ;  John  Palfrey,  Lowell ; 
Charles  O.  Rogers,  Boston ;  Samuel  Bowles,  Springfield ; 
Charles  G.  Greene,  Boston  ;  Phineas  Adams,  Manchester, 

N.  H.  ;  Joel  Hayden,  Williamsburg;  E.  Batcheller, 
North  Brookfield;  Jona.  D.  Wheeler,  Grafton;  Z.  M. 
Crane,  Dalton ;  Thomas  Colt,  Pittsfield;  A.  H.  Waters, 
Millbury ;  Thomas  M.  Brewer,  Boston  ;  Lewis  H.  Taylor, 
Springfield;  George  Pritchard,  Waterbury,  Conn. ;  Royal 
E.  Robbins,  Waltham  ;  Wm.  Brown,  Boston;  L.  S.  Davis, 
Holyoke;  E.  J.  M.  Hale,  Haverhill,  Mass.  ;  R.  H.  Wells, 
North  Adams;  A.  H.*  Rice,  Boston;  Naiium  Stetson, 
Bridgewater;  John  A.  Lowell,  Boston;  James  L.  Little, 
Boston ;  J.  Wiley  Edmands,  Boston ;  John  H.  Lester, 
Boston ;  Tpxomas  Harris,  Daniel  Remington,  Providence ; 
S.  T.  Snow,  Boston;  C.  P.  Bancroft,  Brookline;  Earl  P. 
Mason,  Providence  ;  Deming  Jarves,  Boston ;  H.  J.  Libby, 
Portland,  Me.;  John  Howe,  Vermont;  Atherton  T. 
Brown,  Boston ;  Moses  B.  Lockwood,  Providence ;  Tiie- 
opiiilus  W.  Walker,  Danvers ;  Barrett  Ripley,  Troy,  N. 
H. ;  George  O.  Carpenter,  Boston;  John  C.  Whitin, 
Whitinsville ;  Jarvis  Williams,  Boston;  Eben  Mitchell, 
Haverhill ;  Oliver  Ames,  Easton ;  Ichabod  Washburn, 
Worcester;  George  W.  Gill,  Worcester;  Charles  Sta¬ 
ples,  Portland,  Me. ;  S.  Klous,  Boston;  Edward  Earle, 
Worcester;  Eben  Sutton,  North  Andover;  N.  Kingsbury, 
Hartford ;  Fred  Boyden,  Hinsdale,  N.  H. ;  S.  J.  Griffin, 


9 


Harrisville,  N.  H. ;  W.  A.  Buckingham,  Norwich,  Ct.  ; 
James  P.  Thorndike,  Boston ;  B.  E.  Bates,  Boston ; 
James  Y.  Smith,  Providence ;  D.  N.  Skillings,  Boston ; 
Henry  Stevens,  Dudley ;  Moses  T.  Stevens,  North  An¬ 
dover  ;  L.  L.  Brown,  of  South  Adams,  Mass.  ;  II.  Clay 
Bliss,  of  North  Adams,  Mass. 

On  motion,  Messrs.  Frederic  Livingston,  of  Peter¬ 
borough,  George  Everett,  of  Boston,  H.  O.  Houghton, 
of  Cambridge,  and  Henry  Poor,  of  South  Danvers,  were 
added  to  the  list  of  vice-presidents. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  W.  C.  Plunkett,  the  report  was  then 
adopted.  The  chair  appointed  Messrs.  Eben D.  Jordan,  of 
Boston,  and  John  F.  Arnold,  of  North  Adams,  to  conduct 
the  president  to  the  chair.  On  taking  the  chair  Mr.  Gray 
called  upon  Rev.  Alonzo  Hill,  D.D.,  of  Worcester,  to  otfer 
prayer. 

The  president  then  addressed  the  Convention  as  follows  :  — 

REMARKS  OF  IION.  WILLIAM  GRAY. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Convention :  —  On  the  18th  day  of  December, 
1867,  a  Convention  of  Manufacturers  met  at  Cleveland,  in  the 
State  of  Ohio.  The  call  to  that  Convention  was  addressed  to  all 
Manufacturers  of  the  United  States,  “  with  a  view  of  urging  upon 
Congress  the  necessity  of  simplifying  and  changing  the  tax  list  in 
such  manner  as  to  remove  burdens  wholly  unnecessary,  and  thus 
relieve  and  stimulate  the  productive  industry  of  the  country.” 

Two  hundred  and  sixt}'-one  delegates  attended  this  Convention. 
Two  hundred  and  two  of  the  number  represented  five  Western 
States ;  forty-four  represented  three  middle  States,  and  sixteen 
represented  four  eastern  States.  The  Convention  adopted  a  series 
of  resolutions,  and  two  memorials  to  the  Senate  and  House  of 
Representatives  at  Washington. 

The  first  resolution  affirmed  —  first  and  before  all  considera-  t 
tions  of  advantage  to  individuals  or  classes  —  the  sacredness  of  a 
full  and  just  payment  of  the  national  debt ;  and  that  in  urging  a 
change  and  reduction  of  internal  revenue  taxation,  they  would 
bear  in  mind  the  financial  condition  of  the  country,  and  the  ex- 
2 


10 


penses  and  just  obligations  of  the  government,  and  so  plan  reform 
as  to  improve  that  condition,  and,  in  fit  time,  meet  those  obliga¬ 
tions  with  more  ease  and  greater  certainty. 

In  accordance  with  the  principles  announced,  other  resolutions 
declared  that  many  existing  taxes  are  unnecessary  and  depress  the 
business  and  productive  industry  of  the^  country ;  that  our  bur¬ 
densome  and  exhaustive  internal  taxation  should  be  speedily  re¬ 
duced  to  the  wants  of  an  economical  administration  of  affairs  ;  and 
that  the  internal  revenue  tax  (stamp  duties  excepted)  on  all  man¬ 
ufactures  and  productions  —  luxuries  excepted  —  should  be  re¬ 
moved. 

The  resolutions  also  declared  that  the  cumbrous  and  perplexing 
details  and  conditions  of  a  system  so  new,  and  therefore  imper¬ 
fect,  should  be  replaced  by  simplicity  and  economy.  They  en¬ 
dorse  and  commend  a  statement  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
in  his  recent  report,  “  that  it  is  evident  that  the  administration  of 
the  revenue  law  must  be  more  efficient  than  at  present  to  save  the 
service  from  utter  demoralization.”  They  urge  the  creation  of  a 
board  of  examiners,  that  character,  fitness,  and  responsibility  may 
be  secured  in  all  revenue  officials,  and  the  adoption  of  reforms 
which  shall  prevent  corruption. 

They  declare  that  constant  and  systematic  care  should  be  used 
that  the  income  of  the  government  be  in  excess  of  its  expendi¬ 
tures,  and  urge  that  fit  committees  or  boards  be  chosen  by  Con¬ 
gress  and  the  Treasury  Department,  to  meet,  confer,  and  carefully 
inform  each  other  of  probable  income  and  expenditure,  that  all 
appropriations  may  be  made  with  a  careful  eye. 

The  first  memorial  to  Congress  recommends  a  decided  change  in 
the  mode  of  appointments  and  removals,  and  in  the  qualifications 
of  all  revenue  officers. 

The  second  memorial  to  Congress  presents  a  plan  for  raising 
revenue  by  taxation,  and  declares,  — 

First :  That  the  industry  of  the  country  engaged  in  producing 
staple  and  necessary  commodities  should  be  left  unincumbered  to 
the  fullest  possible  extent ;  and  if  feasible,  as  is  believed,  all  in¬ 
dustrial  products  of  prime  necessity  should  be  exempted,  and  all 
taxes  should  be  levied  on  luxuries  and  other  sources  least  justly 
obnoxious  to  the  people. 

Second :  That  taxation  should  be  simplified,  and  thus  better 


11 


adjusted  for  reliability,  ease,  economy,  and  certainty  of  collection  ; 
and  that  the  employment  of  a  smaller  number  of  officials,  easily 
reached,  and  held  rigidly  accountable,  is  a  reform  much  needed. 

This  memorial  expresses  the  opinion  that  the  annual  expenses 
of  the  government,  including  interest  on  the  public  debt,  may  be 
reduced  below  $300,000,000  without  embarrassment ;  and  presents 
the  following  sources  from  which  the  sums  given  may  be  realized 
as  permanent  items  of  revenue,  — 


Distilled  spirits  (whiskey)  at  least .  $50,000,000 

Fermented  liquors  and  wines . . .  7,500,000 

Tobacco,  cigars ,  and  snuff .  21,000,000 

Gross  receipts  (steamboats,  railroads,  etc.) .  13,500,000 

Banks,  insurance,  railways,  etc.,  (dividends,  deposits) . .  14,000,000 

Licenses,  with  50  per  cent,  added  to  last  year’s  receipts .  27,000,000 

Legacies  and  successions .  2,500,000 

Stamps . ' .  20,000,000 

Brokers’  sales  of  foreign  bills,  gold,  etc .  3,000,000 

Miscellaneous .  21,000,000 


Total . $179,500,000 

Receipts  from  customs .  150,000,000 


Total . $329,500,000 


The  memorial  emphatically  declares  that  a  revenue  derived 
from  a  few  articles,  yielding  ample  means  to  meet  the  current 
expenses  of  the  government  and  interest  on  the  public  debt,  will 
stimulate  enterprise  and  production,  and  give  confidence  to  all 
industrial  and  commercial  pursuits.  With  six  thousand  millions 
of  fresh  productions  annually  to  be  bought  and  sold  by  forty 
millions  of  people,  the  importance  of  giving  our  productive  indus¬ 
try  freedom  and  ease  cannot  be  overstated. 

You  have  assembled,  gentlemen  of  the  Convention,  to  indorse 
the  doings  of  the  Convention  held  at  Cleveland.  It  is  a  good 
omen  that  the  great  Western  States  have  taken  the  initiative  in 
bringing  this  great  subject  before  the  whole  people  of  the  country. 
It  is  a  matter  of  deep  gratification  to  the  men  of  New  England  to 
give  in  Convention  to-day,  in  Massachusetts,  their  cordial  re¬ 
sponse  to  the  wise,  sound,  comprehensive,  practical  principles 
announced  by  our  elder  sister  Convention  in  the  West.  You 
would  not  have  excused  your  presiding  officer  had  he  omitted  to 
present  to  you  the  full  results  of  the  deliberations  at  Cleveland. 
It  is  a  grave  error  to  suppose  that  there  is  any  such  antagonism 


12 


between  the  eastern  and  western  portions  of  our  country  as 
should  prevent  the  fullest  and  freest  conferences  on  all  matters 
affecting  the  common  good.  Diversity  of  interest  may,  nay 
always  must,  exist  in  a  country  so  vast  and  of  such  varied  pro¬ 
ductions  as  our  own.  But  this  diversity,  viewed  in  its  true 
relation,  is  one  of  the  great  pillars  of  our  institutions,  and  one 
of  the  sources  of  that  national  greatness  which  wTe  all  regard  as 
the  destiny  of  the  American  people. 

We  find  an  entire  accord  in  the  principles  which  govern  the 
action  of  men  of  business  in  these  two  portions  of  our  country. 
The  maintenance  —  first  and  always  —  of  the  public  credit ;  the 
full  performance  of  national  obligations  according  to  the  general 
understanding  of  their  true  intent  at  the  time  when  they  were 
created,  without  resorting  to  niceties  of  technical  interpretation 
to  evade  them ;  the  sure  and  ample  provisions  for  all  annual 
expenses  and  interest,  with  a  careful  ejm  to  a  surplus  of  income 
over  expenditure ;  the  administration  of  the  government  with  a 
wise  and  careful  economy  ;  the  appointment  of  competent  men 
to  official  station  ;  proper  provisions  to  prevent  fraud  and  corrup¬ 
tion,  whether  public  or  private,  —  are  principles  equally  valued  by 
intelligent,  upright  men,  under  whatever  sky  their  lot  may  be 
cast. 

The  first  public  movement  toward  direct  taxation  was  a  reso¬ 
lution,  in  advance  of  any  tax  bill,  passed  by  Congress  in  January 
1862,  declaring,  “  That  in  order  to  pay  the  ordinary  expenses  of 
the  government,  the  interest  on  the  national  loans,  and  have  an 
ample  sinking  fund  for  the  ultimate  liquidation  of  all  public  debts, 
a  tax  shall  be  imposed  which  shall,  with  the  tariff  on  imports, 
secure  an  annual  revenue  of  not  less  than  $150,000,000.” 

This  resolution  was  introduced  on  the  urgent  representation  of 
its  importance  by  delegates  from  New  York,  Philadelphia,  and 
Boston,  at  Washington.  The  imposition  of  taxes  on  manufactured 
products  was  early  advised  by  manufacturers,  as  essential  to 
maintain  the  credit  of  the  government,  and  to  furnish  the  sinews 
of  war.  These  taxes  were  originally  imposed  by  their  advice,  as 
well  as  with  their  cordial  approval.  We  have  now,  under  the 
blessing  of  Providence,  returned  to  a  state  of  peace,  and  it  is  as 
fit  that  the  manufacturers  to-day  should  call  upon  Congress  to 
revise  the  laws  and  reduce  taxation,  as  it  was  becoming  and  just 


13 


that  they  should  originally  advise  the  imposition  of  burdens  upon 
themselves,  when  necessary  for  the  common  good. 

Whilst  those  engaged  in  different  branches  of  manufactures  are 
fully  acquainted  with  their  respective  burdens,  the  oppressive 
nature  of  existing  taxes  upon  the  industry  of  the  country  is  imper¬ 
fectly  known  and  understood.  Permit  me  to  present  some  figures 
taken  from  the  books  of  a  single  manufacturing  corporation,  show¬ 
ing  the  amount  of  taxes  paid  during  the  years  stated  :  — 

For  the  six  years  from  1857  to  1862  inclusive,  the  entire  taxes 
paid  amounted  to  $70,524,  making  an  average  annual  tax  of 
$11,754. 

The  tax  on  sales,  the  tax  on  raw  cotton,  and  the  local  taxes  of  the  same 
corporation  were : 


In  1865  . $314,475  45 

In  1866  . 341,132  36 

In  1867 .  330,654  99 


$986,262  80 

Making  an  average  annual  tax  of  $328,754  27,  or  22  per  cent, 
on  its  capital  of  $1,500,000. 

It  is  a  commonly  accepted  theory  that  the  consumer  of  a  prod¬ 
uct  pays  the  cost  of  production,  including  taxes  on  the  raw 
materials.  No  practical  man  will  contend  that  this  theory  has 
proved  true  in  the  fluctuations  of  recent  years.  But,  without 
discussing  that  question,  there  is  no  doubt  that  the  entire  amount 
of  taxes  paid  upon  a  product  is  a  burden  upon  the  industry  em¬ 
ployed  in  its  manufacture.  A  tax  of  less  than  $12,000  annually, 
in  the  case  presented,  is  increased  to  taxes  of  $329,000  annually, 
on  the  same  amount  of  plain  cotton  cloth.  This  company  uses 
about  two  per  cent,  of  the  cotton  consumed  in  the  United  States. 
If  the  same  rate  of  taxation  prevailed  in  the  years  given  on  the 
whole  cotton  manufacture,  an  average  annual  tax  of  $600,000, 
from  18-57  to  1862,  has  been  increased  to  average  annual  taxes  of 
$16,450,000  in  1865,  1866,  and  1867.  If  there  be  a  public  neces¬ 
sity,  let  them  stand ;  if  there  be  no  public  necessity,  but  a  great 
public  loss,  we  demand  their  revision  and  reduction. 

In  a  time  of  peace,  at  the  close  of  a  year  of  abundant  harvests^ 
with  freedom  from  the  ravages  of  unwonted  disease,  the  people  of 
this  country  find  a  general  derangement  of  industry,  which 
severely  taxes  their  resources.  We  are  here  to-day  to  confer 


14 


together  on  this  subject,  and  to  lend  our  aid  to  the  restoration  and 
development  of  the  resources  of  the  land. 

It  is  true  that  some  derangement  has  befallen  the  industry  of 
other  countries,  and  that  we  are  not  suffering  alone.  We  have, 
however,  burdens  from  which  other  countries  are  free.  And,  with 
the  elasticity  which  belongs  to  us,  and  to  our  institutions,  we 
shall  fail  of  our  duty  if  we  do  not  apply  the  remedy  to  the  exist¬ 
ing  depression.  The  power  in  the  United  States  is  in  the  intelli¬ 
gence  and  judgment  of  the  people,  and  from  them  there  is  no 
appeal. 

The  expenditures  of  the  government,  exclusive  of  the  public 
debt,  were  as  follows,  in  the  years  given :  — 

Tear  ending  June  30,  1860  :  — 


Civil  List . $32,023,260  03 

Military  Establishment .  16,472,202  72 

Naval  Establishment .  11,514,649  83 

Total . . . $60,010,112  58 


Year  ending  June  30,  1867  :  — 


Civil  List . $76,689,110  75 

War  Department .  95,224,415  63 

Navy  Department .  31,034,011  04 

Total .  202,947,537  42 

And  the  estimates  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  submitted 
to  Congress  as  required  by  law,  are  as  follows,  for  the  years 
given  :  — 

Year  ending  June  30,  1868  :  — 


Civil  List..., .  $82,636,834  19 

War  Department .  130,537,056  85 

Navy  Department . 27,579,704  67 


Total 


$240,753,595  71 


Yrear  ending  June  30,  1869  :  — 


Civil  List .  $66,000,000 

War  Department .  120,000,000 

Navy  Department .  36,000,000 

Total . $222,000,000 


This  statement  leads  to  the  first  step  which  is  to  be  taken  at 
Washington,  —  the  reduction  of  the  expenses  of  the  government. 
The  country  is  in  the  condition  of  the  owner  of  a  large  and  valu- 


15 


able  estate,  for  whose  protection  ancl  safety  he  has  been  obliged 
to  employ  great  numbers  of  people  at  very  great  expense.  The 
emergency  is  over,  but  he  is  reluctant  to  throw  out  of  employ¬ 
ment  his  unnecessary  force,  and  he  hesitates  and  temporizes,  until 
he  finds  that  his  capital  is  wasting,  and  that  his  salvation  now  re¬ 
quires  retrenchment  and  reform ;  that  it  is  a  mistaken  kindness 
to  drift  toward  ruin ;  and  that  duty  to  others,  as  well  as  to  his 
own  interests,  imperatively  demands  that  new  arrangements  must 
be  made  for  the  common  benefit  of  all. 

There  can  be  no  hesitation,  in  this  Convention,  in  assenting  to 
the  statements  by  the  Special  Commissioner  of  the  Internal  Revenue, 
“  that  the  first  practical  step  for  the  relief  of  the  country  from  the 
present  burdens  of  taxation  should  be  retrenchment,  immediate  and 
most  extensive  ;  ”  “  that  not  over  fifty  per  cent,  of  the  amount  of 
the  assessed  internal  revenue  taxes  is  received  into  the  treasury  ; 
that  the  trouble  is  not  in  the  character  of  taxation,  but  the  charac¬ 
ter  of  the  administration  and  machinery  employed  to  collect  the 
taxes ;  that  a  reform  in  administration  will  admit  of  a  reduction 
of  taxation  beyond  the  limits  indicated  ;  ”  “  that  relief  should  be 
afforded  to  the  greatest  extent  possible  by  the  removal  of  taxes 
which  impede  production,  —  taxes,  which,  when  first  imposed, 
were  drawn  from  profits,  and  were,  therefore,  to  a  certain  extent 
justified,  but  which,  with  the  present  reduction  of  values,  fall 
mainly  upon  capital;”  and  “that  a  removal  of  all  the  internal 
taxes  which  materially  impede  production  will  be  followed  by  an 
immediate  and  great  revival  of  domestic  industry.” 

With  one  proposition  of  Mr.  Wells,  speaking  for  myself  only, 
I  do  not  agree.  Under  a  depressed  condition  of  affairs,  it  seems 
to  me  unnecessary  and  unwise  to  raise  fifty  millions  of  dollars 
annually,  as  an  item  of  taxation,  in  addition  to  the  amount  re¬ 
quired  to  pay  all  expenses  and  the  interest  on  the  public  debt,  for 
the  purpose  of  reducing  the  public  debt  to  that  extent  in  each 
year. 

Wrealth  in  the  United  States  increases  in  a  much  more  rapid 
ratio  than  population.  The  increase  of  population  from  1840  to 
1850  was  35T8^  per  cent. ;  and  from  1850  to  1860,  35T5^y  per  cent. 
The  increase  in  value  of  real  estate  and  personal  property  for  the 
former  decade  was  64  per  cent.,  and  for  the  latter,  129^  per  cent. 

We  must  raise  an  amount  of  revenue  which  shall  be  sufficient  to 


16 


meet  annual  expenses  and  interest  on  the  public  debt,  under  the 
most  adverse  circumstances ;  and  a  well-devised  system,  which 
will  yield  such  an  amount  of  revenue  in  a  time  of  the  greatest  de¬ 
pression,  will,  in  an  average  of  years,  afford  a  large  surplus,  which 
should  be  sacredly  applied  to  the  purchase  and  extinction  of  the 
public  debt  from  time  to  time.  Whilst  the  law  imposing  taxes 
should  amply  provide  for  expenses  and  interest,  if  it  expressly 
pledges  all  surplus  income  to  the  purchase  and  extinction  of  the 
debt,  we  shall  reach  the  goal  ultimately  to  be  desired,  with  least 
disturbance,  and  at  an  earlier  day,  by  leaving  the  industry  of  the 
country  most  free  to  develop  itself. 

If  the  expenses  of  the  government  should  be  reduced  to  $120,- 
000,000,  and  the  estimate  for  interest,  $130,000,000,  be  added, 
$250,000,000  will  meet  these  payments. 

The  estimated  amount  relied  on  from  customs  is  $150,000,000, 
and  if  we  add  $100,000,000  from  internal  revenue  taxes,  the  in¬ 
come  would  meet  the  expenditure  proposed.  It  might  not,  how¬ 
ever,  be  prudent  to  reduce  the  income  so  largely  the  present 
year,  and  the  income  tax  can  be  continued  for  a  single  year  to 
cover  contingencies. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Convention,  for  the  honor  that  you  have  con¬ 
ferred  upon  me  by  assigning  me  to  this  post,  I  beg  you  to  accept 
my  heartfelt  thanks. 

The  Convention  evinced  their  interest  in  the  subject  dis¬ 
cussed  by  Mr.  Gray  by  their  close  attention,  and  marked 
their  approval  of  its  sentiments  by  emphatic  applause. 

Mr.  Johnson,  of  Bradford,  offered  the  following  resolu¬ 
tion,  which  was  adopted  unanimously  :  — 

Whereas,  This  Convention  of  New  England  manufacturers  has 
been  called  expressly  to  endorse  the  doings  of  the  Manufacturers* 
Convention  held  on  the  18th  of  December,  1867,  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  therefore  be  it 

Resolved ,  That,  as  the  sole  purpose  of  this  Convention  is  to 
obtain  from  Congress  the  immediate  removal  of  all  taxes  upon 
manufactures  and  productions,  excepting  luxuries,  a  change  in 
the  mode  of  assessment  and  collection  of  the  revenue,  and  in  the 
appointment  and  removal  of  revenue  officers,  we  will  therefore 
confine  the  action  of  this  Convention  strictly  to  such  purposes. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  E.  A.  Straw,  of  Manchester,  N.  H., 


17 


the  chair  was  requested  to*  appoint  a  committee  of  thirty-five 
to  prepare  a  series  of  resolutions ;  and  it  was  voted  that  all 
resolutions  offered  in  the  Convention  should  be  referred  to 
the  committee.  By  such  appointment  and  by  subsequent 
nomination  at  large,  the  Committee  on  Resolutions  was  con¬ 
stituted  as  follows  :  — 

E.  A.  Straw,  Manchester,  N.  H.  ;  J.  F.  Arnold,  North  Adams, 
Mass. ;  John  L.  Hayes,  Cambridge ;  W.  C.  Plunkett,  North 
Adams  ;  W.  E.  Coffin,  Boston  ;  F.  W.  Bird,  Walpole  ;  Edward 
Atkinson,  Boston  ;  George  Johnson,  Bradford  ;  J.  J.  Walworth, 
Newton ;  S.  A.  Carlton,  Somerville ;  John  Livermore,  Cam¬ 
bridge  ;  Theodore  Pomeroy,  Pittsfield  ;  E.  It.  Mudge,  Boston  ; 
George  L.  Ward,  Boston ;  John  P.  Robinson,  Boston  ;  John 
Cummings,  Jr.,  Boston  ;  Franklin  W.  Smith,  Boston  ;  William  P. 
Haines,  Biddeford,  Me. ;  Charles  F.  Parker,  Boston  ;  Edwin 
Chase,  Holyoke  ;  Royal  C.  Taft,  Providence  ;  Moses  Pierce,  Nor¬ 
wich,  Conn. ;  Geo.  C.  Band,  Newton  ;  Josiah  Gates,  Lowell ;  Jarvis 
Williams,  Boston  ;  II.  B.  Braman,  Newton  ;  Charles  Staples,  Port¬ 
land,  Me. ;  S.  B.  Rindge,  Hamilton  A.  Hill,  George  W.  Bond,  A. 
J.  Wright,  P.  T.  Jackson,  Boston  ;  George  Walker,  Springfield  ; 
James  O.  Starkweather,  Pawtucket,  R.  I.  ;  Henry  Whitney, 
Cambridge ;  Royal  E.  Robbins,  Boston ;  Alexander  Burgess, 
Providence ;  J.  II.  Orne,  Marblehead ;  F.  M.  Weld,  Boston ; 
Olney  Arnold,  Pawtucket ;  J.  S.  Nelson,  Grafton  ;  Ezek.  Saun¬ 
ders,  Saundersville ;  Charles  Nourse,  Woonsocket,  R.  I ;  Wil¬ 
liam  W.  Billings,  Windsor,  Conn. 

Mr.  Pluxkett  then  said  :  — 

Mr.  President:  —  We  have  with  us  a  gentleman  who  has  done 
as  much  nr  more  than  any  other  gentleman  of  the  northern 
States,  by  conference  and  correspondence  with  manufacturers, 
and  giving  his  presence  in  Washington  before  the  committees,  in 
order  to  interest  the  members  and  influence  them  in  the  right 
direction.  I  refer  to  Mr.  G.  B.  Stebbins,  of  Detroit,  who  was 
secretary  of  the  committee  appointed  by  the  Cleveland  Convention 
to  represent  them  in  Washington.  I  move  that  he  be  made  hon¬ 
orary  secretary  of  this  convention. 

3 


18 


Mr.  Plunkett’s  motion  was  unanimously  adopted. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  George  Wheatland,  Jr.,  of  Boston, 
the  chair  was  instructed  to  appoint  a  finance  and  printing 
committee  of  ten  members.  The  following-named  gentlemen 
were  appointed  :  — 

Geo.  Wheatland,  Jr.,  John  H.  Read,  John  F.  Ander¬ 
son,  Francis  Skinner,  Henry  G.  Parker,  Boston ;  John 
F.  Arnold,  North  Adams;  Geo.  W.  Gill,  Worcester; 
Thos.  E.  Procter,  Boston;  L.  B.  Frieze,  Providence;  C. 
P.  Kimball,  Portland. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Johnson,  of  Bradford,  Mr.  Stebbins, 
of  Detroit,  was  invited  to  address  the  Convention  touching 
his  observations  in  Washington  in  regard  to  the  question  of 
taxation.  Mr.  Stebbins,  in  response  to  the  invitation,  spoke 
as  follows  :  — 

REMARKS  OF  MR.  G.  B.  STEBBINS. 

Mr.  President :  —  I  simply  wish  to  say,  after  the  very  kind  in¬ 
troduction  of  my  friend  Mr.  Plunkett,  that  when  in  Detroit  our 
Manufacturers’  Association  appointed  a  committee  to  get  the 
wheels  in  motion,  and  make  the  necessary  preparations  for  the 
Cleveland  Convention,  the  larger  part  of  the  labor  fell  to  me, 
simply  for  the  reason  that  the  other  gentlemen  were  very  much 
occupied,  and  I,  being  secretary  of  the  American  Industrial 
League,  it  was  in  my  line  to  do  this  work ;  because  this  object  is 
one  of  the  objects  of  that  league,  and  because  we  had  the  ropes  in 
our  hands,  so  to  speak,  from  our  somewhat  extensive  acquaintance 
and  correspondence.  The  result  culminated  in  Cleveland,  and 
that  Convention  chose  a  delegation  of  gentlemen  to  go  to  Wash¬ 
ington  to  represent  and  forward  their  interests.  That  delegation 
consisted  of  Mr.  George  W.  Allen,  of  Milwaukee  (leather 
dealer)  ;  Mr.  E.  B.  Ward,  of  Detroit  (iron  dealer)  ;  Mr.  James 
Park,  Jr.,  of  Pittsburg  (steel,  copper,  and  cotton)  ;  Mr.  T.  S. 
Faxton,  of  Utica  (wool)  ;  Mr.  W.  B.  Castle,  of  Cleveland 
(machinery)  ;  Mr.  George  P.  Tiffany,  of  Baltimore  (cotton)  ; 
and  Mr.  George  Johnson,  of  Boston  (shoes  and  leather). 

It  was  not  expected  that  the  delegation  would  all  constantly 


19 


remain  in  Washington,  but  I,  being  added  to  the  list  as  secretary, 
was  to  remain  there  to  do  what  I  could,  by  correspondence  or 
otherwise,  to  keep  the  matter  in  its  proper  light  before  the  author¬ 
ities.  So  far  we  have  had  in  Washington  the  presence  and  aid 
of  Mr.  Ward,  Mr.  Castle,  of  Cleveland,  and  Mr.  Tiffany,  of 
Baltimore.  We  have  kept  two  things  in  view.  One  was  to  do 
nothing  that  would  in  the  least  tend  to  perturb  or  injure  the  finan¬ 
cial  condition  of  the  country,  or  to  embarrass  the  good  faith  or 
resources  of  the  government.  In  all  that  has  been  done,  and  in 
all  that  is  to  be  done,  this  object  has  been  and  will  be  kept,  in 
view ;  because,  if  that  delegation  understand  the  desire  of  the 
manufacturers  and  producers  of  this  country,  it  is  to  better  the 
country’s  financial  condition,  and  the  financial  condition  of  the 
United  States  government  as  well,  that  it  may  justly  discharge  its 
obligations  at  the  proper  time.  We  have  endeavored  to  see  how 
much  the  estimates  of  the  government  expenses  might  be  reduced, 
and  we  are  entirely  satisfied,  from  our  investigations,  —  and  our 
view  is  that  of  many  intelligent  and  influential  gentlemen  in 
Washington, — we  are  entirely  satisfied  that  the  estimates  are 
over-estimates.  For  this  reason :  that  during  the  war,  while 
there  was  an  imperative  want  of  very  large  sums  of  money,  — 
sums  so  large  that  you  could  scarcely  estimate  them  in  advance, 
—  they  got  into  the  way  of  estimating  very  large  sums  for  ex¬ 
penses.  That  habit  was  well  enough  under  the  then  emergencies  ; 
but  it  is  a  very  bad  habit  to-day,  in  time  of  peace.  Yet  we  find 
it  to  be  the  fact  that  the  estimates  of  current  expenses  are 
unnecessarily  large.  It  is  the  unanimous  opinion  of  the  delega¬ 
tion  in  Washington,  and  that  opinion  is  shared  in  by  many  of  the 
best  men  in  Congress,  and  by  gentlemen  of  abilitj^  out  of  Con¬ 
gress,  that  the  estimates  for  expenses  for  the  coming  year  in  the 
several  departments  of  the  government  may  safely  and  justly  be 
reduced  twenty-five  or  thirty  per  cent. 

Our  delegation  have  had  an  interview  with  the  Committee  on 
Ways  and  Means,  —  and  the  importance  of  that  committee  I  need 
not  state  to  3^011,  —  and  as  the  result  of  that  interview,  and  the 
result  of  private  conversations  with  members  of  that  committee, 
we  feel  confident  that  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means  will  be 
with  you  and  with  us  in  the  repeal  of  the  tax  on  manufactures 
and  prpductions,  luxuries  excepted.  [Applause.]  I  would  say 


20 


that  our  delegation  are  determined  to  set  at  work  all  fair  means  to 
reach  the  press  and  the  gentlemen  in  Congress ;  and  that  it  is 
their  unanimous  decision,  that,  though  they  will  use  no  money  or 
other  inducements  in  the  way  of  corruption  or  bribery  of  any  sort, 
they  will  spare  nothing  to  accomplish  fairly  and  properly  the 
consummation  of  their  work.  Some  gentlemen  tell  us  that  our 
presence  in  Washington  is  needless,  —  that  the  repeal  of  the  man¬ 
ufacturers’  tax  is  a  foregone  conclusion.  Some  of  you  understand 
that  nothing  is  a  foregone  conclusion  in  Washington  until  it  is 
finished  up  ;  and  it  is  not  safe  or  wise  to  cease  or  relax  our  vig¬ 
ilance,  by  day  or  by  night.  And  it  is  for  the  purpose  of  watching 
this  matter  to  the  end  that  we  shall  continue  there  ;  and  it  is  need¬ 
less  for  me  to  say  to  you  that  we  shall  be  very  glad  to  welcome 

e 

such  delegation  of  gentlemen  as  this  Convention  may  send  there  to 
aid  in  this  work.  And  we  hope,  and  confidently  believe,  that 
when  your  delegation  reach  Washington  we  shall  meet  them,  and 
that  our  efforts  will  be  merged  for  the  prosecution  and  success  of 
one  common  cause. 

A  word  touching  that  Cleveland  Convention.  Some  of  'Tou  have 
doubtless  noticed  that  they  made  its  officers  for  the  time  being  offi¬ 
cers  of  a  National  Manufacturers’  Association,  which  association 
is  to  meet  in  Cleveland  the  27th  of  May  next,  and  then  and  there 
make  its  permanent  organization  and  choose  permanent  officers. 
This  National  Manufacturers’  Association  is  intended  to  include 
manufacturers  and  producers  of  all  kinds.  The  manufacturers  of 
Cleveland  have  offered  that  association,  when  it  meets,*  the  free  use 
of  their  new  and  beautiful  hall,  which  is  to  Cleveland  what  this 
hall  is  to  Worcester ;  and  in  behalf  of  that  association  I  tender 
an  invitation  to  the  manufacturers  and  producers  of  New  England 
to  meet  in  Cleveland  on  the  27th  day  of  May  next. 

At  a  quarter  to  two  o’clock  the  Convention  took  a  recess 
for  dinner. 


AFTERNO  ON  SESSION. 

The  Convention  was  again  called  to  order  at  a  quarter  to 
three  o’clock.  In  view  of  the  fact  that  it  might  be  consid¬ 
ered  necessary  to  send  a  committee  to  Washington  .to  for- 


21 


ward  the  object  of  the  Convention,  the  chair  suggested  that 
the  delegations  representing  various  interests  select  members 
of  such  a  committee  for  each  interest.  A  motion  to  this 
effect,  made  by  Mr.  George  M.  Rice,  of  Worcester,  was 
adopted,  and  the  delegations  were  instructed  to  report  the 
names  of  the  delegates  selected  immediately  after  the  action 
of  the  Convention  on  the  report  on  resolutions. 

Mr.  Edward  Atkinson,  of  Boston,  secretary  of  the  Com¬ 
mittee  on  Resolutions,  presented  the  report  of  that  committee 
as  follows  :  — 


RESOLUTIONS. 

Whereas,  at  a  Convention  of  manufacturers  held  at  Cleveland 
in  the  State  of  Ohio,  on  the  18th  and  19th  days  of  December, 
1867,  resolutions  were  adopted,  expressing  opinions  in  regard  to 
the  public  debt,  to  the  existing  system  of  taxation,  and  to  the 
administration  of  the  internal  revenue  ; 

And  whereas,  the  manufacturers  of  New  England,  of  all 
branches  of  industry,  have  been  invited  to  meet  in  convention  at 
Worcester,  in  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  on  the  22d  day  of 
January,  1868,  to  indorse  the  doings  of  the  Convention  held  at 
Cleveland ; 

And  whereas,  in  response  to  this  call,  we  have  now  assembled  ; 

1.  Resolved ,  That  we  respond  with  peculiar  gratification  to  the 
call  to  meet  in  convention  at  Worcester,  to  express  a  hearty  con¬ 
currence  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Cleveland  Convention. 

2.  Resolved ,  That  we  regard  it  as  an  auspicious  omen  that  the 
first  movement  on  the  great  questions  now  presented  should  come 
from  the  West,  with  which  we  are  allied  by  so  many  ties  of  per¬ 
sonal,  family,  and  business  relations  ;  with  whose  marvellous  pros¬ 
perity  we  are  so  intimately  connected  ;  with  whose  great  interests 
we  are  identified,  as  citizens  of  one  country,  of  one  origin,  of  one 
aim,  — the  establishment  of  civil  and  religious  freedom. 

3.  Resolved ,  That  we  cordially  concur  in  the  affirmation  by  the 
Cleveland  Convention,  of  the  sacredness  of  a  full  and  just  pay¬ 
ment  of  the  national  debt,  —  first,  and  before  all  considerations 
of  advantage  to  individuals  and  classes. 

4.  Resolved ,  That  this  Convention  approves  the  action  of  the 
National  Manufacturers’  Convention,  held  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  on 
the  18th  of  December,  1867,  in  recommending  the  abolition  of  all 
taxation  on  the  necessary  domestic  industries  of  the  country,  and 
the  imposition  of  taxation  upon  luxuries. 

5.  Resolved ,  In  further  affirmation  of  the  action  of  the  Cleve¬ 
land  Convention,  —  that  the  country  is  dependent  upon  its  domestic 


22 


industry  for  the  supply  of  the  necessities  and  comforts  of  life  for 
its  people  ;  that  it  derives  from  this  source,  directly,  the  great  bulk 
of  all  that  it  consumes,  and  the  means  of  purchasing  the  remain¬ 
der  which  is  obtained  from  abroad. 

6.  Resolved,  That  the  power  of  consumption  of  the  people  and 
their  profitable  occupation  are  in  proportion  to  the  diversification 
of  productive  employment,  and  consequently  to  the  development 
of  manufacturing  as  well  as  agricultural  and  commercial  industry. 

7.  Resolved ,  That,  without  a  vigorous  manufacturing  industry, 
with  increasing  capital  from  its  savings,  the  productive  power  of 
the  country  must  fall  behind,  the  supply  of  necessities  and  com¬ 
forts  for  the  people  diminish,  the  compensation  for  labor  be  re¬ 
duced,  the  sources  of  domestic  and  foreign  commerce  fail,  and  the 
ability  to  endure  taxation  be  seriously  lessened. 

8.  Resolved ,  That,  in  acknowledgment  of  these  principles,  it 
has  been  the  policy  of  all  modern  civilized  nations  to  make  such 
administrative  dispositions  and  such  a  distribution  of  taxation  as 
would  most  favor  their  useful  domestic  industries. 

9.  Resolved,  That  a  thorough  revision  of  taxes  imposed  under 
a  great  exigency  is  imperatively  demanded  by  the  people  of  every 
occupation  and  pursuit ;  that  the  ability  of  the  country  to  fulfil  all 
its  engagements  is  dependent  on  the  prosperity  of  the  great  body 
of  the  people  in  every  department  of  labor  ;  and  that  the  burdens 
now  imposed  upon  industry  are  oppressive  and  unnecessary. 

10.  Resolved,  That  it  is  demonstrated  by  experience  in  this  coun¬ 
try  that  the  tax  upon  production  has  already  largely  absorbed  the 
savings  of  our  manufacturing  industry,  leaving  insufficient  means 
for  its  extension  in  proportion  to  an  increasing  population  ;  that  it 
is  now  encroaching  upon  capital  itself ;  that  it  has  materially  im¬ 
paired  our  productive  power,  and  our  capacity  to  purchase  the 
raw  material  of  agricultural  districts  ;  and  that  the  continuance  of 
this  burden  must  involve  serious  injury  to  that  diversified  industry 
which  has  given  prosperity  to  the  United  States. 

11.  Resolved,  That,  while  the  manufacturers  of  this  country  de¬ 
mand  to  be  heard  in  relation  to  such  facts  affecting  the  public  and 
their  own  welfare  as  it  is  their  peculiar  province  to  observe,  and 
duty  to  make  known,  they  confide  in  the  wisdom  and  patriotism 
of  Congress  for  due  provision  for  the  national  obligations,  and  the 
indispensable  expenditures  of  government ;  and  also  for  such  re¬ 
trenchment  and  economy  as  our  present  financial  and  industrial 
condition  urgently  requires. 

When  the  reading  was  ended,  Mr.  J.  H.  Walker,  of  Wor¬ 
cester,  said  :  — 

Mr.  President :  —  There  is  a  little  matter,  which#may  possibly 
oome  under  the  head  of  annoyances,  but  which  I  should  be  glad  to 


23 


see  mentioned  in  our  resolutions ;  and  I  offer  the  following  reso¬ 
lution  :  — 

Resolved ,  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Convention,  no  possible 
good  can  come  of  the  publication  of  the  business  or  incomes  in  the 
various  districts,  and  that  it  is  earnestly  recommended  to  the  col¬ 
lectors  that  no  publication  of  such  matter  be  hereafter  allowed. 

I  believe,  Mr.  President,  there  is  no  requirement  of  law  for  the 
publication  of  these  income  returns.  They  are  open  to  inspection 
and  very  properly  ;  but  it  is  certainly  very  annoying  to  have  them 
spread  broadcast  to  the  world,  and  in  many  cases  it  operates  as  a 
hardship  and  a  wrong. 

Objection  was  made  to  the  reception  of  the  resolution  of¬ 
fered  by  Mr.  Walker,  and  the  chair  read  the  resolve,  adopted 
at  an  early  stage  of  the  proceedings,  limiting  the  action  of  the 
Convention  solely  to  an  endorsement  of  the  action  of  the  Cleve¬ 
land  Convention.  A  motion  to  lay  Mr.  Walker’s  resolution 
on  the  table  was  then  carried  by  a  large  majority. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Eben  Dale,  of  Boston,  the  resolutions 
reported  by  the  committee  were  adopted  unanimously. 

The  chair  now  called  for  the  nomination  of  persons  to 
compose  the  committee  to  represent  the  various  business  in¬ 
terests  at  Washington,  and  they  were  reported  by  the  dele¬ 
gations  as  follows  :  — 

Shoes  and  Leather  —  John  P.  Robinson,  of  Boston;  Thomas 
Rice,  Shrewsbury ;  George  F.  Putnam,  Salem ;  A.  C.  Mayiiew, 
Milford ;  George  Johnson,  Bradford ;  F.  F.  Emery,  John  Cum¬ 
mings,  S.  R.  Spaulding,  and  J.  G.  Webster,  Boston  ;  S.  M.  Busier 
and  L.  B.  Frazer,  Lynn ;  John  F.  Harris  and  J.  II.  Orne,  Mar¬ 
blehead  ;  Thomas  E.  Procter,  South  Danvers ;  John  C.  Pot¬ 
ter,  Newton ;  Henry  Poor,  South  Danvers. 

Cotton  —  William  Gray,  William  Amory,  and  George  L. 
Ward,  Boston ;  William  Grosvenor  and  James  Y.  Smith,  Provi¬ 
dence. 

Woollen  —  Edward  Harris,  Woonsocket,  R.  I. ;  R.  M.  Bailey, 
Boston ;  Theodore  Pomeroy,  Pittsfield ;  R.  G.  Hazard,  Rhode 
Island. 

Upholstery ,  Trimmings ,  etc.  —  E.  Waters  Burr,  Boston. 


24 


Iron —  William  Mason,  Taunton  ;  George  P.  Davis,  Andover  ; 
A.  C.  Barstow,  Providence ;  W.  E.  Coffin,  Nelson  Curtis, 
Franklin  W.  Smith,  Nathaniel  McKay,  and  Jarvis  Williams, 
Boston ;  L.  Woodruff,  M.  D.,  New  Britain,  Conn. ;  Charles 
Staples,  Portland,  Me. 

Calico  Printers  —  John  F.  Arnold,  North  Adams  ;  E.  D.  Jor¬ 
dan,  Boston  ;  W.  W.  Freeman,  North  Adams  ;  J.  L.  Little,  Bos¬ 
ton  ;  Jacob  Dunnell,  Pawtucket. 

Watches  —  F.  M.  Stone,  Waltham  ;  E.  S.  Philbrick,  Brookline. 
Friction  Matches —  S.  A.  Carlton,  Boston. 

Machine  Card  Clothing — Edward  Earle,  Worcester. 

Hair  Cloth  —  H.  B.  Metcalf,  Boston;  Darius  Goff,  Paw¬ 
tucket;  C.  S.  Bradley,  Providence. 

Fine  Paper  —  O.  F.  Greenleaf,  Springfield;  L.  L.  Brown, 
South  Adams. 

Eyelets  —  J.  E.  Lester,  Providence. 

Base  Balls  —  Harrison  Harwood,  Jr.,  Natick. 

Furniture  —  H.  B.  Braman,  F.  M.  Holmes,  and  George  W. 
Berry,  Boston;  William  Fitz,  Manchester,  N.  H. ;  G.  C.  Win¬ 
chester,  Ashburnham. 

Trunks —  R.  Rich,  Jr.,  and  Samuel  Easter,  Boston. 

Cutlery  —  John  Jennings,  Jr.,  Natick. 

Leather  Belting  and  Hose  —  Lewis  Fairbrother,  Pawtucket, 

R.  I. 

Emery  and  Emery  Cloth  —  Jesse  Russell,  Boston. 

Chocolate  and  Cocoa  —  Henry  L.  Pierce,  Dorchester. 

Books  and  Printing  —  George  C.  Rand,  Boston. 

Soap  —  John  Livermore,  Cambridgeport ;  H.  L.  Kendall, 
Providence. 

Paper — Hiram  H.  Thomas,  Providence  ;  F.  W.  Bird,  Walpole  ; 

S.  D.  Warren,  Boston  ;  C.  O.  Chapin,  Springfield  ;  G.  AY.  AYheel- 
wright  and  Lyman  Hollingsworth,  Boston. 

Carriage  Manufacturers  —  J.  P.  Whittier  and  AY.  P.  Sargent, 
Boston ;  C.  P.  Kimball,  Portland ;  AY.  A.  Currier,  Exeter,  N. 
H. ;  J.  M.  Kimball,  Portland ;  AY.  II.  Bradley,  New  Haven. 

Photographers — J.  A.  AYtiipple,  J.  AY.  Black,  J.  A.  Haines, 
and  Simon  AYing,  Boston;  C.  B.  Claflin,  AYorcester;  Chandler 
Seaver,  Pittsfield. 

Glass  —  S.  II.  Fessenden*  Boston;  J.  S.  Palmer,  Portland  ;  J. 


25 


P.  Gregory,  Somerville  ;  J.  Wade  Davis,  Charlestown ;  Wm.  G. 
Harding,  Pittsfield. 

Improved  Substitute  for  Leather  —  James  Ritchie,  Boston. 

Mr.  J .  H.  Walker,  of  Worcester,  then  addressed  the  chair 
as  follows  :  — 

Mr.  President:  —  I  move  to  take  from  the  table  my  resolution 
in  regard  to  the  publication  of  incomes.  In  my  opinion,  it  is  en¬ 
tirely  within  the  resolution  adopted  by  this  Convention  in  regard 
to  its  business.  What  do  we  come  here  for?  Do  we  not  come 
here  to  relieve  ourselves  as  far  as  may  be  from  the  inequalities 
and  annoyances  of  the  internal  revenue  law  ?  If  we  are  not  to  ex¬ 
press  any  opinions,  why  did  we  not  pass  a  resolution  endorsing 
the  Cleveland  Convention,  and  there  rest  ? 

And  I  ask  if  this  publication  of  incomes  is  not  a  great  annoyance 
and  a  great  wrong?  One  year  a  man  may  make  an  accumulation, 
and  the  second  year  he  may  do  so ;  but  the  third  year  he  loses 
money.  No  correct  impression  of  a  man’s  standing  can  be  got 
from  these  returns.  They  do  no  good,  and  often  do  harm.  I  pro¬ 
test  against  it,  and  I  believe  it  is  clearly  the  opinion  of  this  Con¬ 
vention  that  this  resolution  should  be  adopted. 

Mr.  Walker’s  motion  to  take  his  resolution  from  the 
table  was  carried,  and  the  question  upon  the  resolution  being 
taken,  it  was  adopted. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Henry  Y.  Ward,  of  Boston,  the  Con¬ 
vention  adopted  the  following  memorial,  to  be  circulated 
throughout  the  New  England  States  for  signatures,  and  sub¬ 
sequently  forwarded  to  Washington  :  — 

MEMORIAL. 

To  the  Honorable  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives:  — 

The  undersigned,  manufacturers  engaged  in  different  branches 
of  industry,  respectfully  invite  your  attention  to  the  expression 
of  their  views,  on  subjects  deeply  affecting  their  interests  and  the 
welfare  of  the  whole  country. 

The  expenditures  of  the  government  should  be  changed  from  a 

4 


26 


war  to  a  peace  establishment.  All  unnecessary  expenses  should 
be  stopped,  all  supernumerary  officers  dismissed.  The  industry 
of  the  country  is  sorely  burdened  by  taxes  which  ought  not  to  be 
continued.  They  prevent  the  development  of  its  great  resources, 
which  wait  only  for  wise  legislation  to  give  them  freedom  and  full 
vitality. 

There  should  be  an  entire  revision  of  the  internal  revenue  laws, 
and  a  reorganization  of  the  internal  revenue  department.  Aside 
from  the  dangers  of  fraud,  of  collusion,  and  of  evasion,  to  which 
the  present  system  is  exposed,  the  inquisitorial  character  of  its 
present  administration,  the  contradictory  interpretations  given  of 
the  same  provisions,  are  annoying  and  perplexing,  and  ought  to 
be  remedied. 

We  think  that  the  annual  expenditures  of  the  government 
should  be  reduced  to  $275,000,000,  of  which  $130,000,000  will  be 
required  to  pay  the  interest  on  the  national  debt,  $25,000,000  for 
pensions,  and  $120,000,000  for  ordinary  expenses,  and  the  reduc¬ 
tion  of  the  public  debt.  With  expenditures  not  exceeding  $60,- 
000,000,  in  1860,  we  think  that  an  addition  of  $60,000,000  should 
now  be  the  limit  of  our  expense,  beyond  interest  and  pensions. 
With  a  revenue  from  customs  of  $150,000,000,  the  sum  of  $125,- 
000,000,  raised  by  internal  revenue  taxation,  will  be  ample  to  meet 
such  a  scale  of  expenditure ;  and  we  recommend  the  immediate 
repeal  of  all  taxes  on  raw  materials,  and  on  all  manufactures,  ex¬ 
cepting  articles  of  luxury,  believing  that  the  amount  required  can 
be  easily  raised  on  a  small  number  of  articles  with  safety  and 
economy. 

It  is  of  the  first  importance  to  the  interests  of  the  country  that 
our  export  trade  should  receive  the  fostering  care  of  the  govern¬ 
ment.  Whilst  the  export  of  commodities,  agricultural,  manufac¬ 
tured,  or  mechanical,  enables  a  people  to  consume  freely  the 
products  of  other  countries,  the  want  of  such  exports  leads  to  the 
drain  of  the  coin  of  a  country,  to  the  derangement  of  all  its  busi¬ 
ness  andjts  own  impoverishment. 

With  these  views  we  earnestly  recommend  :  — 

1.  An  entire  revision  of  the  internal  revenue  laws,  and  a  re¬ 
organization  of  the  internal  revenue  department. 

2.  A  reduction  of  all  expenditures  to  the  limit  required  by  a 
just  and  careful  economy. 


27 


3.  A  repeal  of  all  taxes  on  raw  materials  and  manufactures, 
except  articles  of  luxury. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  W.  C.  Plunkett,  the  thanks  of  the 
Convention  were  tendered  to  the  Worcester  delegates,  for 
providing  a  hall,  free  of  expense,  for  the  use  of  the  Conven¬ 
tion. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  W.  C.  Plunkett,  a  resolution  was 
adopted,  urging  a  cordial  response  to  the  invitation  from  the 
West  to  attend  the  first  meeting  of  the  National  Association 
of  Manufacturers  at  Cleveland,  on  the  27th  of  May  next. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Chaeles  F.  Paekee,  of  Boston,  the 
thanks  of  the  Convention  were  tendered  to  Messrs.  J.  F. 
Aenold  and  others,  of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements. 

The  secretary  was  instructed  to  notify  the  committee 
selected  by  the  various  trades  of  the  time  of  their  meeting  for 
conference.  The  delegations  who  had  not  appointed  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  committee  were  authorized  to  do  so  hereafter. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Nathaniel  McKay,  of  Boston,  the 
members  of  the  committee  unable  to  perform  the  duties 
assigned  them  were  authorized  to  appoint  substitutes. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  W.  C.  Plunkett,  the  thanks  of  the 
Convention  were  tendered  to  Hon.  William  Geay,  for  the 
very  able  and  faithful  discharge  of  his  duties  as  President  of 
the  Convention. 

The  Convention  was  then  dissolved. 


LIST  OF  MEMBERS 


OF  THE 

MANUFACTURERS’  CONVENTION  AT  WORCESTER, 

4 

WITH  THEIR  BUSINESS  AND  RESIDENCE. 


E.  R.  Mudge,  Victory  Mills,  New  York,  Washington  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  K.  Mudge,  for  Mudge,  Sawyer,  &  Co.,  Milton  Mills,  N.  H.,  Burlington  Woollen  Co., 
Vt.,  Ellerton  Mills,  Mass.,  Chicopee  Mfg.  Co.,  Mass.,  New  York  and  Boston. 

George  L.  Ward,  Treas.  Lewiston  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

William  Gray,  Treas.  Atlantic  Cotton  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  F.  Waters,  Publisher,  Boston  Daily  Advertiser,  Newton,  Mass. 

John  L.  Hayes,  Secretary  N.  A.  Woollen  Manufacturers,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

James  R.  Prentice,  firm  of  Wood,  Willard,  &  Co.,  Boot  and  Shoe,  Troy,  N.  Y. 

Tlieo.  Pomeroy,  Woollen  Mills,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 

W.  C.  Plunkett,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Adams,  Mass. 

Charles  F.  Parker,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Boston,  Mass. 

John  F.  Arnold,  firm  of  Harvey,  Arnold,  &  Co.,  Arnold  Prints,  North  Adams,  Mass. 
John  P.  Eobinson,  Boots,  Shoes,  and  Leather,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  D.  Jordan,  Jordan,  Marsh,  &  Co.,  Cotton  and  Woollen  Goods,  Boston,  Mass. 

John  H.  Eeed,  Iron,  Boston,  Mass. 

George  Taylor,  Forest  Mills,  Bridgton,  Me. 

J.  Bardwell,  firm  of  F.  Skinner  &  Co.,  Cotton,  Boston,  Mass. 

Geo.  Wheatland,  Jr.,  Cottons,  Boston,  Mass. 

William  Amory,  Jr.,  Cotton,  Boston,  Mass. 

Henry  G.  Parker,  Jordan,  Marsh,  &  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

John  F.  Anderson,  Boston,  Mass. 

H.  O.  Houghton,  Printer,  Riverside  Press,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

George  C.  Rand,  Printer,  firm  of  Rand  &  Avery,  Boston,  Mass. 

George  H.  Corliss,  Manufacturer  of  Steam  Engines,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Moses  Pierce,  Bleacher  and  Dyer,  Norwich,  Conn. 

Aretas  Blood,  Locomotive  Builder,  Manchester,  N.  H.  N 

W.  G.  Means,  Treas.  Salmon  Falls  Manufacturing  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

William  E.  Coffin,  Treas.  Pembroke  Iron  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

James  Waterhouse,  Manufacturer  of  Woollens,  Centreville,  R.  I. 

Daniel  Hussey,  Nashua,  N.  H. 

Granville  M.  Clark,  Adriatic  Woollen  Mill,  Worcester,  Boston,  Mass. 

Sumner  Pratt,  Manufacturers’  Supplies,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  J.  Wright,  firm  of  Wright  &  Potter,  Printer,  Boston,  Mass. 

Nathan  Sawyer,  Book  and  Job  Printer,  Boston,  Mass. 

Jonas  Livingstone,  Peterborough,  N.  H. 

C.  A.  Paige,  Agent  Dresser  Manufacturing  Co.,  Southbridge,  Mass. 

C.  A.  Dresser,  President  Central  Mills  Co.,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Southbridge,  Mass. 


29 


George  J.  Adams,  Agent  Rhode  Island  Bleach  and  Dye  Works,  Providence,  R.  I. 

N.  McKay,  McKay  &  Aldus,  Iron,  Boston,  Mass. 

James  J.  Walworth,  Iron  Goods,  Boston,  Mass. 

Eben  Wright,  Cottons,  Domestic  Commission  Merchant,  Boston,  Mass. 

Charles  W.  Freeland,  Cotton  Manufacturing,  Boston,  Mass. 

Stephen  Brendert,  Print  Cloths  and  Cotton  Threads,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

H.  T.  Rockwell,  firm  of  Rockwell  &  Rollins,  Printers,  Boston,  Mass. 

Alfred  Mudge,  Printer,  Boston,  Mass. 

L.  J.  Knowles,  Cotton,  Warren,  Mass. 

Albert  Cook,  Woonsocket,  R.  I. 

Henry  F.  Bishop,  Reed  and  Harness  Manufacturer,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

O.  P.  Hussey,  Agent  Jackson  Co.,  Nashua,  N.  H. 

Franklin  Forbes,  Agent  Lancaster  Mills,  Clinton,  Mass.  % 

J.  S.  Brown,  firm  of  H.  H.  &  J.  S.  Brown,  Cotton  Manufacturers,  Fishorviile,  N.  II. 

C.  W.  Hamilton  &  Co.,  Manufacturers  of  Tapes  and  Bindings,  Worcester,  Mass. 

R.  G.  Randall,  Treasurer  American  Worsted  Company,  Worsted  Braids  and  Bindings, 
Woonsocket,  R.  I. 

Charles  Kelley,  Agent  Rockland  Manufacturing  Co.,  No.  Weare,  N.  IT. 

W.  A.  Fisher,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Albert  Curtis,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Joseph  Wood,  Treasurer  of  Stafford  Manufacturing  Co.,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

Lyman  Kinsley,  Iron  Founder,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Charles  W.  Smith,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

J.  W.  Howe,  Wire  Goods  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  J.  Aldrich,  Agent  Peterborough  Co  ,  Peterborough,  N.  H. 

Ezekiel  Saunders,  Saunders  Cotton  Mills,  Saundersville,  Mass. 

C.  H.  Jones,  Cotton,  Athol,  Mass. 

Paul  Wliitin,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Whitinsville,  Mass. 

F.  M.  Brown,  Agent  Lacousic  Woollen  Co.,  South  Wilbraham,  Mass. 

Charles  E.  Whitin,  Whitinsville,  Mass. 

Jonathan  D.  Wheeler,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Grafton,  Mass. 

Alfred  Morse,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Grafton,  Mass. 

E.  Byerly,  of  Kendall,  Opdyke,  &  Co.,  Commission  Merchants,  Cotton  &  Woollen,  New 
York. 

A.  Armsby,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Jonas  Ileald,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Millbury,  Mass. 

W.  H.  Harrington,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Millbury,  Mass. 

James  Brierly,  Cotton,  Millbury,  Mass. 

W.  W.  Freeman,  Calico  Printer,  North  Adams,  Mass. 

William  F.  Bacon,  Treasurer  Pittsfield  Woollen  Co. 

R.  L.  Jones,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Griswoldville,  Mass. 

Charles  P.  Whitin,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Whitinsville,  Mass. 

John  B.  Leach,  Glass  Manufacturer,  Boston. 

Henry  L.  Clapp,  Scales,  Boston. 

O.  P.  Warner,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Holderness,  N.  H. 

W.  O.  Cook,  Lubricating  Oils,  Providence,  R.  I. 

George  H.  Carpenter,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Sutton,  Mass. 

E.  Southworth,  Paper,  West  Springfield  and  South  Hadley  Falls,  Mass. 

A.  P.  Ware,  Manufacturer  of  Clothing,  Worcester,  Mass. 

G.  N.  Smith,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Leicester,  Mass. 

Homer  Bartlett,  Treasurer  Massachusetts  Cotton  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

R.  D.  Rogers,  Treasurer  Boott  Cotton  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

F.  S.  Cabot,  Treasurer  Canton  Woollen  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

J.  B.  Loomis,  Hoop  Skirts,  Boston,  Mass. 

Edward  Horn,  Agent  Beaman  Mills,  West  Boylston,  Mass. 

J.  C.  Keith,  for  Uxbridge  Machine  Card  Co.,  Uxbridge,  Mass. 


30 


Ii.  B.  Everett,  Cotton  &  Woollen  Manufacturers’  Supplies,  Boston,  Mass. 

J.  M.  Seeley,  Cotton,  Great  Barrington,  Mass. 

W.  W.  Billings,  Woollen,  Windsor,  Conn. 

J.  L.  Peck,  Cotton,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 

Jesse  Eddy  &  Son,  Woollen,  Fall  River,  Mass. 

Paine  &  Sackett,  Woollen,  Providence,  R.  I. 

II.  O.  Russell,  Boots  &  Shoes,  Marlborough,  Mass. 

Alex.  Marsh,  Blind  Fasteners,  Worcester,  Mass. 

E.  Howe,  Jr.,  Iron  &  Steel,  Boston,  Mass. 

Josiah  Perry,  Webster,  Mass. 

Geo.  T.  Johnson,  Woollen,  Athol,  Mass. 

C.  J.  Delahanty,  JYoollen,  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

B.  James,  Woollen,  Worcester,  Mass. 

H.  N.  Dean  &  Son,  Cord  Leather,  Adams,  Mass. 

Sargent  Card  Clothing  Co.,  Worcester,  Mass. 

James  J.  Russ,  Wood  Mouldings,  Worcester,  Mass. 

J.  R.  Bradstreet,  Weather  Strips,  Boston. 

J.  A.  Hovey,  Cotton  Goods,  Ballston  Spa.,  N.  Y. 

J.  AY.  Sutt,  Woollen. 

J.  II.  Fairbanks,  Sleighs,  AYestborough,  Mass. 

Geo.  W.  Wheelwright,  Paper,  Boston,  Mass. 

William  T.  Parker,  Paper,  Boston,  Mass. 

J.  AV.  Draper,  Shoes,  Fiskdale,  Mass. 

Calvin  Taft,  of  Worcester,  Paper,  Holyoke,  Mass. 

Sumner  Packard,  N.  E.  Village. 

G.  W.  Taylor,  AYoollen  Goods  of  the  Ashaway  Manufacturing  Co.,  Clark  Falls  Co., 
Ashaway,  R.  I. 

AY.  Buffum  &  Son,  Woollens,  Oxford,  Mass. 

Henry  N.  Bigelow,  Carpets,  Clinton,  Mass. 

Wm.  A.  Smith,  Cotton,  Worcester,  Mass. 

E.  C.  Cleveland,  Wool  Machinery,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Alexander  Bigelow,  Woollens,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Geo.  Crompton,  Looms,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Geo.  AY.  Capron,  Kingsbury  Mills,  South  Coventry,  Ct. 

Wm.  Tinkham,  Woollens,  Burrillville,  R.  I. 

Alfred  Chaffin,  AYoollens,  Holden,  Mass. 

F.  M.  Bardwell,  Woollens,  Belcliertown,  Mass. 

Aurin  Wood,  Machinists’  Tools,  Worcester,  Mass. 

John  Gouldry,  Wool,  Worcester,  Mass. 

G.  A.  Tapley,  Carpets,  Danvers,  Mass. 

B.  W.  Evans,  Woollens,  Providence,  R.  I. 

George  Burlin,  Woollens,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Billings  Mann,  Woollens,  Leicester,  Mass. 

T.  E.  Hall,  Wool,  AYorcester,  Mass. 

C.  C.  Aldrich,  Woollens,  Granby,  Mass. 

S.  M.  AYheelock,  AYoollens,  Uxbridge,  Mass. 

E.  A.  AYheelock,  Woollens,  Thompson,  Conn. 

James  Davis,  Leather,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

John  W.  Hunt,  White  Lead  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

John  Brainard,  Manufacturer  of  Silk  Trimmings,  Boston,  Mass. 

A.  D.  Chase,  Shuttles  and  Bobbing,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Litchfield  &  Co.,  Shuttle  Manufacturers,  Southbridge,  Mass. 

Alzirus  Brown,  Manufacturer  of  Mowing  Machines  and  Horse  Rakes,  Worcester,  Mass 
Sabin  &  Fail-brother,  AYool,  Grafton,  Vt. 

Chas.  E.  Hall,  Marble,  Boston,  Mass. 

B.  S.  Chace,  Agent  S.  C.  Mills,  Fiskdale,  Mass. 


31 


H.  D.  Fisbe,  Worcester,  Mass. 

John  M.  Seeley,  Cotton  Warp,  Housatonic,  Mass. 

S.  M.  Edmands,  Boots  and  Shoes,  North  Brookfield,  Mass. 

F.  A.  Wilkins,  Paper  Collars,  Boston,  Mass. 

Campbell,  Whittier  &  Co.,  Steam  Engines,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  A.  Straw,  Cotton  and  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Manchester,  N.  H. 

Edward  Havens,  Woollen  and  Cotton  Manufacturer. 

Koval  C.  Taft,  Woollens,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Henry  L.  Greene,  Bleacher  and  Calico  Printer,  of  S.  H.  Greene  &  Sons,  River  Point,  R.  I. 

B.  F.  Almy,  Cotton  Batts  and  Paper,  Providence,  R.  I. 

John  S.  Brasher,  Fletcher  Manufacturing  Company,  Cotton,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Wm.  H.  Richards,  Commission  Merchant,  Agent  Sprague’s  Prints  and  Arnold’s  Prints. 
Boston,  Mass. 

Wm.  Brown,  Boston,  Mass. 

C.  F.  Mason,  Woollens,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Chas.  H.  Merriman,  Treasurer  Lippitt  Woollen  Company,  Providence,  R.  I. 

J.  W.  Daniels,  Treasurer  Hooksett  Manufacturing  Company,  Cotton,  Hooksett,  N.  H. 

D.  Park,  Treasurer  Cocheco  Manufacturing  Company,  Cotton,  Boston,  Mass. 

Edward  Atkinson,  Treasurer  Indian  Orchard  Mills,  Cotton,  Boston,  Mass. 

Geo.  Atkinson,  Treasurer  Boston  Manufacturing  Company,  Cotton,  Boston,  Mass. 

W.  F.  Taylor,  Moshassnok  Bleachery,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

Horace  Daniels,  from  Greene  &  Daniels,  Spool  Cotton  Threads,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

C.  O.  Chapin,  Paper  Manufacturer,  Springfield,  Mass. 

J.  M.  Barker,  Greenwood  Mill,  Woollens,  Worcester,  Mass. 

L.  H.  Goodnow,  Iron,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  G.  Coes,  Worcester,  Mass. 

J.  L.  Bush,  Boot  Manufacturer,  Spencer,  Mass. 

David  Robinson,  Jr.,  Boot  and  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Dorchester,  Mass. 

Edward  Earle,  Card  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

O.  J.  Rathburn,  Cotton  Goods,  Woonsocket,  R.  I. 

Daniel  Day,  Woollens,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Geo.  H.  Gilbert,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Ware,  Mass. 

M.  and  S.  Lapham,  Woollens,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Scott  &  Benson,  Woollens,  Blackstone,  Mass. 

F.  M.  Stone,  and  R.  E.  Robbins,  from  the  American  Watch  Company,  Waltham,  Mass. 
Thomas  Talbot,  Talbot  Mills,  North  Billerica,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Harris,  Manufacturing  Co.,  Oakdale,  WestBoylston,  Mass. 

L.  M.  Harris,  L.  M.  Harris  &  Co.,  Oakdale,  Mass. 

E.  W.  Holbrook,  Cotton  Goods,  West  Boylston,  Mass. 

George  Y.  Learned,  for  Taconic  Mills,  Union  Cassimeres,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 

N.  Laprise,  for  N.  Laprise  &  Co.,  Beavers,  Hartford,  Conn. 

G.  II.  Quincy,  Woollen  Machinery,  Boston,  Mass. 

Geo.  S.  Harwood,  Woollen  Machinery,  Boston,  Mass. 

B.  F.  and  D.  Holden,  Woollen  Manufacturers,  Concord,  N.  H. 

George  T.  Hill,  Agent  Thorndike  Co.,  Cotton  Goods,  Palmer,  Mass. 

George  Hodges,  Wool  Flannels,  Oxford,  Mass. 

S.  II.  Sibley,  Woollen  Manufactures,  Warren,  Mass. 

E.  Shaw,  Woollen  Manufactures,  Wales,  Mass. 

Charles  C.  Bassett,  Miller  River  Manufacturing  Co.,  Athol,  Mass. 

J.  A.  Towne,  J.  AY.  Goodman,  of  the  Firm  of  AY.  Hale  &  Co.,  Manufacturers  of  Piano- 
Forte  Legs,  North  Dana,  Mass. 

J.  E.  Stone,  Manufacturer  of  Piano-Forte  Cases,  Legs,  etc.,  Erving,  Mass. 

J.  C.  Hammond,  Jr.,  Treasurer  New  England  Co.,  Fancy  Cassimeres,  Rockville,  Conn. 
A.  L.  Brooks,  Lumber  Dealer,  Lowell,  Mass. 

Dudley  Hubbard,  Manufacturer  of  Silk  Trimmings,  Boston. 


32 


J.  Burroughs,  Treasurer  Huguenot  Manufacturing  Co.,  "Woollen  and  Cotton,  North  Ox¬ 
ford,  Mass. 

Henry  N.  Stone,  Ships’  Capstans,  Boston,  Mass. 

A.  W.  Crossman,  for  A.  W.  Crossman  &  Son,  Manufacturers  of  Chisels,  West  Warren, 
Mass. 

Andrew  Dutton,  Firm  ofKittredge  &  Dutton,  Children’s  Carriages,  Boston,  Mass. 

S.  H.  Kimball,  Children’s  Carriage  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

James  P.  Ray,  Woollen  and  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Woonsocket,  R.  I. 

W.  R.  Parks,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Palmer,  Mass. 

Earl  P.  Mason,  Rhode  Island  Locomotive  Works,  Providence,  R.  I. 

H.  H.  Chamberlin,  Woollens,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Nelson  Walling,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Wm.  S.  Slater,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

A.  D.  Warren,  Warren  Thread  Co.,  Worcester,  Mass. 

E.  Northup,  Thread,  Hadley,  Mass. 

Wm.  Cain,  Glass  Manufacturer,  South  Boston,  Mass. 

C.  A.  Wheelock,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Uxbridge,  Mass. 

James  W.  Fitch,  Chairs,  Sterling,  Mass. 

Daniel  W.  Taft,  Woollens,  Uxbridge,  Mass. 

Burrell  Briggs,  Cotton. 

John  D.  Warren,  Leather,  Worcester,  Mass. 

F.  B.  Knowles,  Looms,  Worcester,  Mass. 

John  M.  Poor,  Furniture,  Boston,  Mass. 

George  W.  Berry,  Furniture,  Boston,  Mass. 

George  K.  Hooper,  Furniture,  Boston,  Mass. 

II.  B.  Braman,  Furniture,  Boston,  Mass. 

H.  N.  Daggett,  Worsted  Braids,  Attleborough,  Mass, 

Samuel  Merriam,  Furniture,  North  Leominster,  Mass. 

H.  II.  Amsden,  Furniture,  Concord,  N.  II. 

William  II.  Hull,  Furniture,  Boston,  Mass, 

Charles  P.  Bancroft,  Furniture,  Boston,  Mass. 

George  Everett,  Furniture,  Boston,  Mass. 

W.  Burlingame,  Agricultural  and  Horticultural  Society,  Exeter,  N.  H. 

N.  C.  Boutell,  Furniture,  North  Leominster,  Mass. 

James  Davis,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

Alexander  Burgess,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Lewis  Fairbrother,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

Wilder  Bush,  Combs,  Northborough,  Mass. 

S.  Harris  &  Sons,  Combs,  Clinton,  Mass. 

H.  W.  Page,  Iron  Foundry,  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

Wm.  E.  Coe,  Agent  Woonsocket  Tape  and  Binding  Co.,  Woonsocket,  R.  I. 

P.  L.  Moen,  Treasurer  I.  Washburn  &  Moen  Wire  Works,  Worcester,  Mass. 

C.  H.  Waters,  Agent  Clinton  Wire  Cloth  Co.,  Clinton,  Mass. 

Perry  &  Wendell,  Boston  and  Philadelphia,  Agents  for  the  Middlesex  Company, 
Lowell;  Lawrence  Woollen  Company,  Lawrence ;  Dudley  Hosiery  Company,  Needham; 
and  the  Guilford  Hosiery  Company,  Guilford,  New  Hampshire. 

A.  C.  Mayhew,  Boot  Manufacturer -and  Leather  Dealer,  Milford  and  Boston,  Mass, 

C.  E.  Johnson,  Shoes,  Boston,  Mass. 

George  Johnson,  Leather  and  Shoes,  Boston,  Mass, 

F.  Boyden,  Woollens,  Hinsdale,  New  Hampshire, 

C.  A.  Loud,  Wooden  Ware,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

B.  D.  Whitney,  Machinery,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

M.  Fisher,  Straw  Goods,  Medway,  Mass. 

H.  C.  Greenwood,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Grafton,  Mass. 

J.  II.  Walker,  Boots  and  Leather,  Worcester,  Mass. 

S.  Warren,  Leather,  Worcester,  Mass. 


33 


Moses  How,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Haverhill,  Mass.  , 

George  E.  Bailey,  Leather,  Sterling,  Mass. 

J.  S.  Nelson,  Shoes,  Grafton,  Mass. 

II.  S.  Warren,  Boots,  Shoes,  and  Leather,  Grafton,  Mass. 

J.H.  Mclntire,  Shoes,  Northborough,  Mass. 

S.  R.  Heywood,  Boots,  Worcester,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Bailey,  Leather,  Sterling,  Mass. 

Thomas  Rice,  Leather,  Shrewsbury,  Mass. 

George  P.  Osborn,  Leather,  South  Danvers,  Mass. 

Jason  Chapin,  Brass,  Worcester,  Mass. 

H.  A.  Richardson,  "Wood-Working  Machinery,  Worcester,  Mass. 

II.  H.  Bigelow,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Worcester,  Mass. 

F.  B.  Taylor,  Hats,  Caps,  and  Furs,  Boston,  Mass. 

Noah  Kimball,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Westborough,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Howe,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Marlborough,  Mass. 

N.  B,  Sherman,  of  Brown,  Sherman  &  Washburn,  Manufacturers  of  Iron  and  Steel 
Shovels,  Middleborough,  Mass. 

William  L.  Brown,  Nemasket  Cotton  Mills,  Middleborough,  Mass. 

Franklin  W.  Smith,  Treasurer  of  the  Atlantic  Steamship  Works,  Boston,  Mass. 

James  Ritchie,  Improved  Substitute  for  Leather,  Boston,  Mass. 

Milton  Baker,  Boots  and  Leather,  Athol,  Mass. 

Henry  Poor,  Leather,  South  Danvers,  Mass. 

Emmons  Twitchell,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Brookfield,  Mass. 

Thomas  E.  Proctor,  Leather,  South  Danvers,  Mass. 

G.  H.  Loomis,  Photographs,  Boston,  Mass. 

Simon  Wing,  Photographs,  Boston,  Mass. 

John  Cummings,  Jr.,  Leather  Dealer,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  P.  Travis,  Shoes,  Natick,  Mass. 

L.  H.  Bowker,  Boots,  Boston,  Mass. 

F.  L.  Ferrin,  Shoes,  Natick,  Mass. 

H.  Harwood  &  Sons,  Base-Balls,  Natick,  Mass. 

A.  F.  Travis,  Shoes,  Natick,  Mass. 

I.  H.  Reading,  Cotton  Goods,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Lemuel  Fullam,  Boots,  West  Brookfield,  Mass. 

Robert  Humphrey,  Boots,  Webster,  Mass. 

Ordway  &  Clark,  Straw  Goods,  Boston,  Mass. 

William  H.  Gibbs,  Belt  and  Loom  Harnesses,  Clinton,  Mass. 

Walker  &  Wright,  Cotton  Manufacturers,  Holden,  Mass. 

J.  Wade  Davis,  Mass.  (Green)  Glass  Co.,  Charlestown,  Mass. 

Bisco  &  Denny,  Card  Clothing,  Leicester,  Mass. 

D.  W.  Cunningham,  Woollens,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  L.  Williston,  Cotton,  Northampton,  Mass. 

D.  G.  Littlefield,  Hair  Cloth,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

Joshua  Jenison,  Soap  Manufactory,  Newton,  Mass. 

Joseph  Chase,  Agent  Messenger  &  Wright,  Worcester,  Mass. 

W.  G.  Fay,  Agent,  Cotton  Goods,  East  Brookfield,  Mass. 

Jerome  Wells,  Gaylord  Manufacturing  Co.,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

George  Whitney,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Royalston,  Mass. 

Daniel  Leach,  Jr.,  Furniture,  Manchester,  Mass. 

W.  C.  Russ,  Jr.,  Furniture  Manufacturer,  Manchester,  Mass. 

Charles  Lee,  Furniture  Manufacturer,  Manchester,  Mass. 

W.  F.Fitz,  Furniture  Manufacturer,  Manchester,  Mass. 

C.  B.  Hoyt,  Furniture  Manufacturer,  Manchester,  Mass. 

George  Barber,  Alexander  Bigelow,  Woollen  Manufacturers,  "Worcester,  Mass. 

H.  H.  Amsden,  Furniture,  Fisherville,  N.  H. 

Henry  Colt,  Woollens,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 


5 


34 


T.  T.  Greenwood,  Furniture,  Templeton,  Mass. 

R.  G.  Averille,  President  Lenox  Plate  Glass  Co.,  Lenox,  Mass. 

A.  J.  Barbour,  Jr.,  Glue  Manufacturer,  Woonsocket,  R.  I. 

G.  A.  Kimball,  Worcester,  Mass. 

L.  L.  Hodges,  Woollens,  Worcester,  Mass. 

William  A.  Lowell,  Woollens,  Millbury,  Mass. 

A.  F.  Howard,  Agent  Warren  Cotton  Mills,  West  Warren,  Mass. 

B.  B.  Howard,  Agent  Cordis  Mills,  Cottons,  Millbury,  Mass.  * 

F.  B.  Norton,  Stone  Ware,  Worcester,  Mass. 

O.  H.  Greenleaf,  of  Greenleaf  &  Taylor’s  Manufacturing  Co.  and  Holyoke  Paper  Co. 
Springfield,  Mass. 

Nicholas  Sheldon,  for  Kendall  Manufacturing  Co.,  Soap  Manufacturers,  Providence,  R.  I. 
Thomas  Lincoln,  Lincoln  Manufacturing  Co.,  Soap  Manufacturers,  Providence,  R  1. 
William  Fairbanks,  Boot  Manufacturer,  Bellingham,  Mass. 

G.  Henry  Whitcomb,  Envelopes,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Rodney  Wallace,  Paper,  Fitchburg,  Mass.  * 

George  Pritchard,  Suspenders,  Waterbury,  Conn. 

D.  S.  Plume,  Brass,  German  silver,  Thomaston,  Conn. 

Charles  Dickinson,  Brass,  German  Silver,  Waterbury,  Conn. 

H.  G.  Kittredge,  Satinets,  Cherry  Valley,  Mass. 

Jona.  A.  Lane,  Woollen  Goods,  Boston,  Mass. 

George  M.  Rice,  Machinery,  Worcester,  Mass. 

E.  P.  Halsted,  of  R.  Ball  &  Co.,  Wood  Working  Machinery,  Worcester,  Mass. 

P.  M.  Hendricks,  Photographs,  Springfield,  Mass. 

C.  A.  Nichols,  Manufacturer  of  Cotton  Goods,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Henry  V.  Ward,  Cotton,  Treasurer  Lawrence  Manufacturing  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
John  Rice,  Agricultural  Implements,  Worcester,  Mass. 

C.  G.  Reed,  Carriage  Wheels,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Albert  Tolman,  Carriages,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Edward  Earle,  of  T.  K.  Earle  &  Co.,  Card  Clothing  Manufacturers,  Worcester,  Mass. 
John  C.  Whitin,  Manufacturer  Cotton  Machinery,  Whitinsville,  Mass. 

C.  J.  Kittredge,  Woollens,  for  the  Plunkett  Woollen  Co.,  Hinsdale,  Mass. 

H.  Clay  Bliss,  Woollens,  for  Tyler  &  Bliss,  North  Adams,  Mass. 

S.  Johnson,  Cotton  Warps,  North  Adams,  Mass. 

F.  W.  Hinsdale,  Woollens,  for  F.  W.  Hinsdale  &  Brother,  Hinsdale, 

Olney  Arnold,  Treasurer  Pawtucket  Hair  Cloth  Company,  Pawtucket, 

C.  H.  Whipple,  Manufacturer  of  Fancy  Cassimere,  place  of  business  Mapleville,  R.  I., 
Providence,  R.  I. 

George  Hazleton,  Woollens,  Warren,  Pa. 

Jeremiah  Clark,  Agent  Lowell  Card  Co.,  and  Manufacturer  of  Twine  and  Bunting, 
Lowell,  Mass. 

O.  F.  Wood,  Woollen  Goods  and  Satinets,  Northborough,  Mass. 

J.  C.  Hill,  Satinets  and  Blankets,  Athol,  Mass. 

O.  H.  Waters,  of  Crane  &  Waters,  Knit  Goods  and  Yarns,  Millbury,  Mass. 

William  C.  Peckham,  Agent  American  Eyelet  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Edw.  H.  Robinson,  Woollens,  for  American  Mills,  Rockville,  Conn. 

Samuel  Harris,  Agent  Steam  Woollen  Co.,  Catskill,  N.  Y. 

Thomas  A.  Stevens,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Ware,  Mass. 

Eben  Dale,  Cotton  and  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

B.  W.  Gleason,  Flannel  Manufacturer,  Rock  Bottom. 

P.  Andersen,  The  Baldwin  Co.,  North  Chelmsford,  Mass,  Lowell,  Mass. 

E.  Dale,  Jr.,  Flannel  Manufacturer,  Clappville,  Mass. 

C.  C.  Denny,  for  White  &  Denny,  Card  Clothing  Manufacturers,  Leicester,  Mass. 

Moses  Sawyer,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  North  Weare,  N.  H. 

W.  S.  Batchelder. 

Levi  Cross,  for  Union  Manufacturing  Co.,  Cotton,  Peterborough,  N.  H. 


35 


Howe  &  Jefferson,  Woollens. 

S.  W.  Scott,  Woollens,  Uxbridge,  Mass. 

Caryville  Mills,  C.  H.  Cutter,  agent,  Woollens. 

O.  Iasigi,  Treasurer  Amesbury  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

Almon  Harris,  Dustin  Island  Woollen  Mills,  all  Wool  Flannels,  Fiskerville,  Merrimack 
County,  N.  H. 

Robert  S.  Davis,  Publisher  and  Bookseller,  Boston,  Mass. 

C.  B.  Hill,  Treasurer  Nashua  Lock  Co.,  Nashua,  N.  H. 

E.  n.  Bellows,  Steam  Engine  Builder,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Crocker,  Perry,  &  Co.,  Woollens,  Leominster,  Mass. 

A.  King,  King  Woollen  Co.,  Lisbon,  Conn. 

Chase  &  Clark,  Shuttle  Manufacturers,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Barnard  &  Wall,  Trimming  Manufacturers,  Boston,  Mass. 

Calvin  Gage,  of  Gage,  Porter,  &  Co.,  Cast  Steel  Saw  Manufacturers,  Fisherville,  N.  H. 
Cumner  &  Adams,  Shoe  Manufacturers,  West  Brookfield,  Mass. 

Codmdn  &  Shurtleff,  Surgical  Instruments,  Boston,  Mass. 

Gerrish  &  Barton,  Book  Manufacturers,  West  Brookfield,  Mass. 

R.  Kitson,  Machinist,  Lowell,  Mass. 

Weston  &  Place,  Weaving  Reed  Manufactory,  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

Charles  W.  Gillett,  Woollen  Looms,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Peter  Simpson,  Millbury. 

Hunt,  Waite,  &  Flint,  Machinery,  Orange,  Mass. 

A.  A.  Beckwith  &  Co.,  Manufacturers  of  Doors  and  Sashes,  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

Daniel  Denny,  Jr.,  Woollens,  Boston,  Mass. 

Geo.  Wm.  Bond,  Woollen  Manufacturers’  Association,  Boston,  Mass. 

F.  W.  Bird,  Paper  Maker,  East  Walpole,  Mass. 

Henry  L.  Pierce  (Walter  Baker  &  Co.),  Chocolate  Manufacturers,  Dorchester,  Mass. 
Frank  L.  Tileston,  Paper  Maker,  Dorchester,  Mass. 

James  H.  Read,  Woollens,  Providence,  R.  I. 

S.  C.  Andrews,  Boot  and  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

T.  K.  Earle,  Machine  Card  Clothing  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

D.  B.  Jewett,  Treasurer  Lowell  Manufacturing  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

A.  Sumner,  Treasurer  Merchants’  Woollen  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

J.  H.  Orne,  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Marblehead,  Mass. 

John  H.  Wilkins,  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Marblehead,  Mass. 

Wm.  Litcliman,  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Marblehead,  Mass. 

Henry  C.  Hunt,  Leather  and  Belting  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  Frank  Page,  Leather  and  Belting  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

W.  F.  Salmon,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Lowell,  Mass. 

Josiah  Gates,  Belt  and  Hose  Manufacturer,  Lowell,  Mass. 

II.  C.  Graton,  Belt  and  Hose  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Foster  &  Gibbs,  Belting  and  Loom  Harness  Manufacturers,  Clinton,  Mass. 

S.  F.  Shaw,  Medicines,  Saco,  Maine. 

J.  L.  Rumery,  Boot  and  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Saco,  Me. 

Chas.  Hardy,  Card  Grinder,  Biddeford,  Me. 

B.  F.  Hamilton,  Woollens,  Saco,  Me. 

Timothy  S.  Stone,  Boot  and  Shoe  Manufacturer. 

Chas.  Fales,  Boot  and  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Brookfield,  Mass. 

Henry  R.  Green,  Boot  and  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Spencer,  Mass. 

R.  Rich,  Jr.,  Trunks,  Roston,  Mass. 

Samuel  Easter,  Trunk  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

John  Clark,  “  Clark’s  Linen  Engine  Hose,”  Boston,  Mass. 

J.  A.  Thompson,  Westbrook  Britannia  Co.,  Portland,  Me. 

Thomas  Musgrove,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  n.  Waters,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Chas.  T.  Barker,  from  J.  J.  Barker  &  Brother,  Woollens,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 


36 


Henry  Stearns,  from  D  &  H.  Stearns,  Woollens,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 

Geo.  F.  Putnam,  from  Jacob  Putnam  &  Co.,  Leather,  Salem,  Mass. 

Rufus  H.  Brown,  from  Brown  &  Caller,  Leather,  South  Danvers,  Mass. 

Clias.  Staples,  Iron  Works,  Portland,  Me. 

Geo.  L.  Damon,  of  Staples  &  Son,  Iron  Works,  Portland,  Me. 

Rufus  Dunham,  Britannia,  Portland,  Me. 

H.  S.  Mansfield,  from  Forestdale  Manufacturing  Co.,  Cottons,  Forestdale,  R.  I. 

H.  S.  Mansfield,  from  Mansfield  &  Lamb,  Scythe  Manufacturers,  Millville,  Mass. 

George  Walker,  Director  and  Delegate  of  Ames’  Manufacturing  Co.,  of  Chicopee  and 
Florence  Sewing  Machine  Co.  of  Northampton,  Springfield,  Mass. 

Wm.  B.  Merrill,  General  Agent  Downer  Kerosene  Oil  Co.,  Manufacturers  of  Barrels, 
Boston,  Mass. 

Samuel  Winslow,  of  S.  C.  &  S.  Winslow,  Manufacturers  of  Skates,  Worcester,  Mass. 
John  Sowle,  Looking  Glasses,  Boston,  Mass. 

W.  F.  Trowbridge,  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Hudson,  Me. 

Francis  Brigham,  Shoe  Manufacturer,  Hudson,  Me. 

S.  M.  Richardson,  Manufacturer  of  Wood- working  Machinery,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Edwin  Morse,  Machinist  Tools,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Richard  T.  Buck,  of  Buck  Brothers,  Edge  Tools,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Myrick  &  Sugden,  Wire  Manufacturers,  Spencer,  Mass. 

Stone  &  Bottomly,  Woollen  Manufacturers,  Leicester,  Mass. 

Horace  Waters,  Woollens,  Millbury,  Mass. 

II.  K.  Moore,  American  Steam  Gauge  Co.,  Congress  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  D.  Leavitt,  Jr.,  Mechanical  Engineer,  Lowell,  Mass. 

J.  Smith,  President  Union  Comb  Co.,  Leominster,  Mass. 

S.  Putnam,  Leather,  Leominster,  Mass. 

L.  F.  Whitney,  Iron  Founder,  Roxbury,  Mass. 

O.  Patch,  Treasurer  Union  Comb  Co.,  Leominster,  Mass. 

E.  Prescott,  Comb  Manufacturer,  Leominster,  Mass. 

P.  W.  Lippitt,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

B.  S.  Chace,  Fiskdale,  Mass. 

E.  L.  Bates,  Agent  Shell  Manufacturing  Co.,  Fiskdale,  Mass. 

Geo.  W.  Hammond,  Agent  Cumberland  Mills,  Paper,  Portland,  Me. 

Geo.  F.  Morse,  Portland  Co.,  Portland,  Me. 

Dan.  Winslow,  Winslow  Machine  Works,  Portland,  Me. 

John  Gorham,  President  Gorham  Manufacturing  Co.,  Silver  Ware,  Providence,  R.  I. 
Albert  Briggs,  Agent  Franklin  Foundry  and  Machine  Company,  Providence,  R.  I. 

W.  S.  Stevens,  Manufacturer  Sand  Flints  and  Emery  Paper,  Dover,  N.  H. 

II.  II.  Thomas,  Paper,  Providence,  R.  I. 

W.  II.  Hathaway,  Hair  Cloth  Seating,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

J.  S.  Palmer,  Glass  Ware,  Portland,  Me. 

F.  J.  Brazier,  Soap,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

Edmund  Reardon,  Soap  and  Candles,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

Benj.  B.  Wkittemore,  Soap,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

Curtis  Davis,  Soap,  Boston,  Mass. 

James  C.  Davis,  Soap,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

Mason  Davis  &  Son,  Soap,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

Hale  &  Noyes,  Soap,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

E.  II.  Norton,  Soap,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

N.  Livermore  &  Son,  Soap,  Cambridgeport,  Mass. 

Herbert  M.  Rice,  Brass  Foundry,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Ashworth  &  Jones,  Woollen  Manufacturers,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  P.  Morrison,  Paper  Manufacturer,  Peterborough,  N.  II. 

James  B.  Blake,  Illuminating  Gas  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

James  A.  Smith,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

C.  W.  Kimball,  Boots,  Shoes,  and  Leather,  Boston,  Mass. 


37 


H.  F.  Cary,  Palm  Leaf  Goods,  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

E.  F.  Longley,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Marlborough,  Mass. 

E.  TV.  Upton,  Leather,  South  Danvers,  Mass. 

Thomas  Cogin,  Iron,  Boston,  Mass. 

Alonzo  Warren,  Iron,  Boston,  Mass. 

H.  A.  Warner,  of  G.  F.  Warner  &  Co.,  Iron  and  Hardware,  New  Haven,  Ct. 

W.  A.  Currier,  Tin,  Stoves,  and  Carriages,  Exeter,  N.  H. 

William  P.  Hunt,  Iron  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

Jesse  Russell,  Emery,  Emery  Cloth  and  Wheels,  Boston,  Mass. 

T.  L.  Merrill,  Ne  Plus  Ultra  Collar  Company,  Biddeford,  Me. 

B.  F.  Pabodie,  American  Button  Company,  Providence,  E.  I. 

Henry  J.  Gardner,  Cotton  and  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Boston,  Mass. 

John  A.  Lowell,  of  Lowell,  Brett,  &  Hale,  Envelopes,  Boston,  Mass. 

Reynolds  &  Bartlett,  Woollens,  Mohegan,  R.  I. 

Benjamin  Vaughn,  Refined  Petroleum,  Boston,  Mass. 

Isaac  Davis,  President,  Edward  L.  Davis,  Treasurer,  and  George  W.  Gill,  Manager,  of 
the  Washburn  Iron  Company,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Amasa  Sprague,  Cotton  Spinner  and  Printer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

T.  P.  I.  Goddard,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

John  O.  Waterman,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

George  C.  Ballou,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Amos  D.  Smith,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

James  S.  Smith,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Henry  Lippitt,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Henry  Cliace,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

James  T.  Rhodes,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Albert  S.  Gallup,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Samuel  Foster,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

George  W.  Chapin,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Amos  N.  Beckwith,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

E.  P.  Taft,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

S.  TV.  Mowry,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Zachariah  Allen,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Stephen  Harris,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Robert  Knight,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

George  C.  Nightingale,  Calico  Printer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Walter  Richmond,  Calico  Printer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

E.  D.  Boit,  Calico  Printer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

George  J.  Adams,  Calico  Printer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

W.  C.  Snow,  Calico  Printer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

R.  G.  Hazard,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Lokington,  R.  I. 

R.  C.  Taft,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

R.  Babcock,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Westerly,  R.  I. 

C.  II.  Whipple,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

C.  H.  Merriman,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

S.  P.  Olney,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

E.  R.  Fiske,  Printer,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  L.  Clark  &  Co.,  Woollen  Manufacturing,  Pliilmont,  N.  Y. 

R.  M.  Bailey,  Belknap  Mills,  Arlington  Mills,  Hooksett  Manufacturing  Co.,  Grafton 
Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

William  Grosvenor,  Grosvenor  Dale  Co.,  Cotton  Goods,  Providence,  R.  I. 

John  L.  Ross,  Cotton,  Providence,  R.  I. 

C.  L.  Wilder,  Cotton  Goods,  Manchester,  Mass. 

Daniel  B.  Pond,  Cotton,  Woonsocket,  R.  I. 

George  Mixter,  Woollens,  Barre,  Mass. 

Lewis  N.  Gilbert,  George  II.  Gilbert  &  Co.,  Woollens,  Ware,  Mass. 


38 


J.  R.  Rogers,  Tanner  &  Currier,  North  Brookfield,  Mass. 

J.  O.  Starkweather,  American  File  Co.  anti  Pawtucket  Hosiery  Co.,  Pawtucket,  R.  I. 

C.  B.  Farnsworth,  Treasurer  Dunnell  Manufacturing  Co.,  Calico  Printers,  Pawtucket, 
R.  I. 

T.  D.  Bowen,  Cotton  Manufacturer,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Edwin  Chase,  Cotton  Thread,  Paper,  and  Knitting  Manufacturer,  Holyoke,  Mass. 
Patrick  T.  Jackson,  Hampden  Mills  Cotton  Manufactory,  Boston,  Mass. 

F.  M.  Weld,  Treasurer  Pembroke  Mills,  Boston,  Mass. 

Daniel  N.  Spooner,  Treasurer  Great  Falls  Manufacturing  Co.  and  Dwight  Manufactur¬ 
ing  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Edmund  Dwight,  Treasurer  Naumkeag  Steam  Cotton  Mills  and  Rockport  Mills,  Boston 
Mass. 

William  W.  Brown,  President  National  Rubber  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

G.  W.  Holt,  Forestdale  Manufacturing  Co.,  Cotton. 

Joseph  Murdock,  Card  Clothing,  Leicester. 

Charles  S.  Whitehouse,  Superintendent  Gonic  Manufacturing  Co.,  Gonic,  N.  H. 

Samuel  B.  Rindge,  Commission  Merchant  for  sale  of  American  Cotton  and  Woollen 
Goods,  Boston,  Mass. 

Walker  &  Wright,  Cotton,  Holden,  Mass. 

J.  S.  Montague,  Boot  Manufacturer,  Brookfield,  Mass. 

John  Rhodes,  Cotton,  Millbury,  Mass. 

Thomas  Greenbank,  Flannel  Manufacturer,  Gaysville,  Yt. 

John  W.  Thayer,  Woollen  Manufacturer,  Windermere,  Conn. 

Boyden  &  Amidon,  Cashmerett  Manufacturers,  Hinsdale,  N.  H. 

Stephen  Sibley,  Chelsea  Woollen  Mill,  Chelsea,  Mass. 


